Distal Consequences of Oral Inflammation

Abstract

Periodontitis is an incredibly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, which results in the destruction of tooth supporting structures. However, in addition to causing tooth and alveolar bone loss, this oral inflammatory disease has been shown to contribute to disease states and inflammatory pathology at sites distant from the oral cavity. Epidemiological and experimental studies have linked periodontitis to the development and/or exacerbation of a plethora of other chronic diseases ranging from rheumatoid arthritis to Alzheimer's disease. Such studies highlight how the inflammatory status of the oral cavity can have a profound impact on systemic health. In this review we discuss the disease states impacted by periodontitis and explore potential mechanisms whereby oral inflammation could promote loss of homeostasis at distant sites.

The role of TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway in periodontitis‐induced liver inflammation of rats

“…Periodontal inflammatory mediators and pathogen-induced virulent factors that produced from periodontal structures can be released into blood circulation. In addition, oral bacteria can be translocated to systemic circulation via bloodstream or gut microbiota (Hajishengallis, 2015;Konkel et al, 2019;Lamont et al, 2018).…”

Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Capacity of Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Saliva in Patients with Periodontitis: Review and Clinical Study

“…Periodontitis is an oral multifactorial disorder leading to progressive destruction of the periodontal attachment apparatus. Interventional and cohort studies indicate that periodontitis may be an independent risk factor for diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVDs) and low birth weight in infants; whereas cross-sectional and case-control studies show periodontitis as a possible risk factor for metabolic syndrome, chronic renal failure, rheumatoid arthritis and neurodegenerative diseases [1]. A new classification of periodontal diseases, developed in 2017 during the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions, underlines the association between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases affecting the host immune response.…”

Whole Transcriptome Analysis Reveals That Filifactor alocis Modulates TNFα-Stimulated MAPK Activation in Human Neutrophils

“…Similarly, pathways for cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease were significant for the F. alocischallenged neutrophil transcriptome in both databases. Oral bacteria continue to be linked to systemic malignancies like those listed above (49), and although F. alocis has not been amongst the oral pathogens detected yet, these results hint that it could play a role in the pathogenesis of these diseases.…”