Distal Run-up Records of Latest Holocene Paleotsunami Inundation in Alluvial Flood Plains: Neskowin and Beaver Creek, Oregon, Central Cascadia Margin, West Coast U.S.A.

Peterson, Curt D.; Cruikshank, Kenneth M.; Schlichting, Robert B.; Braunsten, Scott

doi:10.2112/08-1147.1

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Gouge coring (2.5 cm Atwater et al, (2004). Neskowin and North Beaver Creek data are from Peterson et al, (2010a) and Schlichting (2000). Distances from the ocean shoreline (km) are based on observed tsunami sand deposition, so they might underestimate maximum flooding distance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study region is located near the center of the Cascadia margin, an active subduction zone that spans about 1000 km distance in the central west coast of North America (Atwater et al, 1995;Darienzo et al, 1994). Previous work in two distal floodplain localities within the study region, Neskowin and Beaver Creek, showed multiple paleotsunami inundations of one to several kilometers distance landward during the last ~ 2,500 years (see section 2.2) (Peterson et al, 2010a). It was not known how those distal records might relate to proximal or shoreline runup heights of the same paleotsunami events in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Atwater et al, (2004). Tsunami correlations (Tsunami #) in the central Cascadia margin are from Peterson et al, (2010a). The source of the 2 nd tsunami sand layer in the central Cascadia tsunami is not known (Peterson et al, 2008), but it might reflect a partial rupture in the northern part of the Cascadia margin (Clague et al, 2000;Schlichting & Peterson, 2006).…”

Section: Paleoseismic Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) (Table 2) (Peterson et al, 2010a). The two localities differ in landward floodplain gradient and protective barrier ridges.…”

Section: Distal Paleotsunami Runup Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An adjacent floodplain locality is examined for landward trends of sand sheet composition, sand sheet thickness, microscopic tracers of marine deposits, and sand sheet radiocarbon age. Maximum sand sheet extent in the proximal floodplain locality is compared to maximum sand sheet extent in a distal floodplain locality (Peterson et al, 2010a) to yield a landward runup height gradient for the most recent event of large magnitude runup. The runup attenuation gradient is tested against previously reported runup elevations in another central Cascadia study area, Cannon Beach, Oregon ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Proximal Records of Paleotsunami Runup in Barrage Creek Floodplains from Late-Holocene Great Earthquakes in the Central Cascadia Suduction Zone, Oregon, USA

Peterson¹,

Cruikshank²

2011

Tsunami - A Growing Disaster

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Paleoseismic Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) (Table 2) (Peterson et al, 2010a). The two localities differ in landward floodplain gradient and protective barrier ridges.…”

Section: Distal Paleotsunami Runup Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Proximal Records of Paleotsunami Runup in Barrage Creek Floodplains from Late-Holocene Great Earthquakes in the Central Cascadia Suduction Zone, Oregon, USA

Peterson¹,

Cruikshank²

2011

Tsunami - A Growing Disaster

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Evaluation of the use of paleotsunami deposits to reconstruct inundation distance and runup heights associated with prehistoric inundation events, Crescent City, southern Cascadia margin

Peterson

Carver²,

Cruikshank

et al. 2011

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Historic-and prehistoric-tsunami sand deposits are used to independently establish runup records for tsunami hazard mitigation and modeled runup verification in Crescent City, California, located in the southern Cascadia Subduction Zone. Inundation from historic (1964) farfield tsunami (~5-6 m runup height) left sand sheet deposits (100-200 m width) in wetlands located behind a low beach ridge [3-4 m elevation of the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88)]. The most landward flooding lines (4·5-5 m elevation) in high-gradient alluvial wetlands exceed the 1964 sand sheet records of inundation by 1-2 m in elevation. The most landward flooding in low-gradient alluvial wetlands exceed the corresponding sand sheet record of inundation distance by 1000 m. Nevertheless, the sand sheet record is an important proxy for high-velocity inundation. Sand sheet deposition from the 1964 historic tsunami closely corresponds to the landward extent of large debris transport and structural damage in the Crescent City waterfront. The sand sheet deposits provide a proxy for maximum hazard or 'kill zone' in the study area.Six paleotsunami sand sheets (0·3-3 ka) are recorded in the back-ridge marshes in Crescent City, yielding a~450 year mean recurrence interval for nearfield Cascadia tsunami. Two paleotsunami sand deposit records, likely correlated to Cascadia ruptures between 1·0 and 1·5 ka, are traced to 1·2 km distance and 9-10 m elevation, as adjusted for paleo-sea level. The paleotsunami sand deposits demonstrate at least twice the runup height, and four times the inundation distance of the farfield 1964 tsunami sand sheet in the same marsh system. The preserved paleotsunami deposits in Crescent City are compared to the most landward flooding, as modeled by other investigators from a predicted Cascadia (~Mw 9) rupture. The short geologic record (~1·5 ka) yields slightly lower runup records than those predicted for the modeled Mw 9 rupture scenario in the same marsh, but it generally verifies predicted maximum tsunami runup for use in the planning of emergency response and rapid evacuation.

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Multiple Reoccupations after Four Paleotsunami Inundations (0.3–1.3 ka) at a Prehistoric Site in the Netarts Littoral Cell, Northern Oregon Coast, USA

Minor¹,

Peterson

2016

Geoarchaeology

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Netarts Bay is the setting of one of the largest concentrations of late prehistoric Native American settlements on the tectonically active Oregon coast. A prehistoric site (35TI74) exposed by sea cliff erosion in 1998 at the south end of the Netarts littoral cell contained a stratigraphic record of activity by prehistoric Native Americans and interbedded paleotsunami deposits. The nearfield paleotsunamis were produced by great Cascadia earthquakes (Mw8.5 ± 0.5) emanating from the Cascadia Subduction Zone offshore, as previously documented in episodically buried tidal marsh surfaces at the south end of Netarts Bay and in many other estuaries in the region. The cultural deposits at 35TI74 reflect multiple reoccupations by Native Americans at this barrage creek flood plain site between paleotsunami runup events (≥7.5 m elevation) at 1.3 ka, 1.1 ka, 0.8–0.9 ka, and 0.3 ka. The conditions that led to the exposure of 35TI74 are traced to erosion of a protective beach dune ramp at the south end of the Netarts littoral cell, placing the site within reach of progressive storm‐surf erosion. The diminishing geoarchaeological record at 35TI74 represents a microcosm of the sea cliff erosional processes that threaten vulnerable prehistoric shoreline archaeological sites along much of the Pacific Northwest Coast.

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Distal Run-up Records of Latest Holocene Paleotsunami Inundation in Alluvial Flood Plains: Neskowin and Beaver Creek, Oregon, Central Cascadia Margin, West Coast U.S.A.

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Proximal Records of Paleotsunami Runup in Barrage Creek Floodplains from Late-Holocene Great Earthquakes in the Central Cascadia Suduction Zone, Oregon, USA

Proximal Records of Paleotsunami Runup in Barrage Creek Floodplains from Late-Holocene Great Earthquakes in the Central Cascadia Suduction Zone, Oregon, USA

Evaluation of the use of paleotsunami deposits to reconstruct inundation distance and runup heights associated with prehistoric inundation events, Crescent City, southern Cascadia margin

Multiple Reoccupations after Four Paleotsunami Inundations (0.3–1.3 ka) at a Prehistoric Site in the Netarts Littoral Cell, Northern Oregon Coast, USA

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