Distal tephrochronology in volcanic regions: Challenges and insights from Kamchatkan lake sediments

Plunkett, Gill; Coulter, Sarah; Пономарева, В. В.; Blaauw, Maarten; Klimaschewski, Andrea; Hammarlund, Dan

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.04.006

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Considering coincident proximal as well as large explosive (Volcanic Explosivity Index: VEI > 5) distal eruptions (volcanoes) with an ash dispersal axis towards Svalbard, we identify five potential candidates (Figs. 1a & 2) (Table 1): the Mazama (Crater Lake), East Lake (Newberry), Kikai-Akahoya (Kikai) (K-Ah), KS 2 (Ksudach) and Lairg A (Hekla) tephras (Kyle et al, 2011;Pilcher et al, 2005;Plunkett et al, 2015;Pyne-O'Donnell et al, 2012;Smith et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1a-c) and formed by major Late Pleistocene-Holocene eruptions (Melekestsev et al, 1996). KS 2 was one of the largest of these events, producing an estimated 7-8 km 3 of ejecta (Kyle et al, 2011;Volynets et al, 1999), dispersing visible ash up to 900 km northward and forming a prominent regional tephra marker (Plunkett et al, 2015) (Fig. 1c).…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use the updated estimate of 7340-7180 cal. BP reported by Plunkett et al (2015), which is based on bulk sediment 14 C ages from Lake Pechora, ~900 km north of Ksudach (Fig. 2c).…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-distal Kamchatkan ash on Arctic Svalbard: Towards hemispheric cryptotephra correlation

Bilt

Lane

Bakke

2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Rapidly deposited and geochemically distinct volcanic ash (tephra) markers represent a powerful chronological tool that enables precise dating and correlation of geological archives. Recent analytical advances now allow fingerprinting of non-visible ash (cryptotephra) over thousands of kilometers. This has opened up tantalizing possibilities for the intercontinental synchronization of records. We present geochemical evidence to demonstrate that ash from a Svalbard lake sediment core correlates to the Kamchatkan KS 2 eruption. By expanding the known dispersal range of cryptotephra by thousands of kilometers and linking the Pacific and Atlantic Arctic, this study raises cryptotephra analysis to a new level. Also, the presented findings mark a step towards a hemispheric tephrochronological framework. Finally, this study highlights the importance of looking beyond proximal volcanic sources to find a correlation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A C C E P T E D Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-distal Kamchatkan ash on Arctic Svalbard: Towards hemispheric cryptotephra correlation

Bilt

Lane

Bakke

2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…Approximately 30 active, explosive volcanoes, including the highest volcano in Eurasia (Kliuchevskoi), have produced a thick soil-pyroclastic cover over much of the peninsula (e.g., Braitseva et al, 1997). Typically, tephra layers have unique geochemical signatures, and extensive tephrochronological work undertaken by Braitseva et al (1997), Kyle et al (2011), Plunkett et al (2015), and Ponomareva et al (2013, among others, provides a good basis for both local and regional stratigraphic correlations.…”

Section: General Geographical Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Glacial to Holocene paleoenvironmental change on the northwestern Pacific seaboard, Kamchatka Peninsula (Russia)

Pendea

Пономарева

Bourgeois

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

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We used a new sedimentary record from a small kettle wetland to reconstruct the Late Glacial and Holocene vegetation and fire history of the Krutoberegovo-Ust Kamchatsk region in eastern Kamchatka Peninsula (Russia). Pollen and charcoal data suggest that the Late Glacial landscape was dominated by a relatively fire-prone Larix forest-tundra during the Greenland Interstadial complex (GI 1) and a subarctic steppe during the Younger Dryas (GS1). The onset of the Holocene is marked by the reappearance of trees (mainly Alnus incana) within a fern and shrub dominated landscape. The Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) features shifting vegetational communities dominated by Alnus shrubs, diverse forb species, and locally abundant aquatic plants. The HTM is further defined by the first appearance of stone birch forests (Betula ermanii)-Kamchatka's most abundant modern tree species. The Late Holocene is marked by shifts in forest dynamics and forest-graminoid ratio and the appearance of new non-arboreal taxa such as bayberry (Myrica) and meadow rue (Filipendula). Kamchatka is one of Earth's most active volcanic regions. During the Late Glacial and Holocene, Kamchatka's volcanoes spread large quantities of tephra over the study region. Thirty-four tephra falls have been identified at the site. The events represented by most of these tephra falls have not left evidence of major impacts on the vegetation although some of the thicker tephras caused expansion of grasses (Poaceae) and, at least in one case, forest die-out and increased fire activity.

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“…The Kamchatka Peninsula, in the northwest Pacific, is an ideal location for tephrochronological studies of Holocene faulting as its volcanoes are highly explosive and produce numerous tephras. The Holocene tephra sequence has been thoroughly studied over the last four decades (e.g., Braitseva et al, 1978aBraitseva et al, , 1995Braitseva et al, , 1997Braitseva et al, , 1998Kyle et al, 2011;Pevzner et al, 2006;Plunkett et al, 2015;Ponomareva, 1990;Ponomareva et al, 2015Ponomareva et al, , 2017. These studies resulted in the continuously updated all-Kamchatka tephrochronological framework extensively used for dating and correlation of various deposits including those formed by volcanic and co-seismic processes (e.g., Braitseva et al, 1978b;Hulse et al, 2011;Kozhurin et al, 2006;Pinegina et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tephrochronological dating of paleoearthquakes in active volcanic arcs: A case of the Eastern Volcanic Front on the Kamchatka Peninsula (northwest Pacific)

Zelenin

Kozhurin

Пономарева

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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Investigation of active faults is crucial for the seismic hazard assessment and, in the case of volcanic belts, it provides a deeper understanding of the interactions between volcanism and tectonic faulting. In this study, we report the results of the first paleoseismological and tephrochronological investigation undertaken on Holocene faulting in Kamchatka's volcanic belts. The studied trenches and additional excavations are located along the axial fault zone of the Eastern Volcanic Front, where the earlier dated tephra layers provide a robust age control of the faulting events. Electron microprobe analysis of glass from 22 tephra samples permitted correlations among the disparate tephra profiles for constructing a summary tephra sequence. The latter, together with published geochronological data, allowed the construction of a Bayesian age model. Detailed examination of the tephra layers deformed by faulting allowed us to reconstruct and date six faulting events with the offsets of 1 to 20 cm indicating paleoearthquakes with magnitudes of Mw < 5.4. Holocene crustal seismicity of the Eastern Volcanic Front manifests temporal clustering rather than a uniform flux of events. However, no correlation between dated seismic events and the largest Holocene eruptions of proximal volcanoes was observed.

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Distal tephrochronology in volcanic regions: Challenges and insights from Kamchatkan lake sediments

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Ultra-distal Kamchatkan ash on Arctic Svalbard: Towards hemispheric cryptotephra correlation

Ultra-distal Kamchatkan ash on Arctic Svalbard: Towards hemispheric cryptotephra correlation

Late Glacial to Holocene paleoenvironmental change on the northwestern Pacific seaboard, Kamchatka Peninsula (Russia)

Tephrochronological dating of paleoearthquakes in active volcanic arcs: A case of the Eastern Volcanic Front on the Kamchatka Peninsula (northwest Pacific)

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