Distance- and density-dependent seedling mortality caused by several diseases in eight tree species co-occurring in a temperate forest

Yamazaki, Mitsuhiro; Iwamoto, Susumu; Seiwa, Kenji

doi:10.1007/s11258-008-9531-x

Cited by 102 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…Negative density dependence appears to be widespread in both tropical and temperate regions (e.g. [37,50,51]). In this study, distance-and density-dependent effects both contributed to lower survival of undispersed seeds and seedlings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frugivore loss limits recruitment of large-seeded trees

2011

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Although global declines in frugivores may disrupt seed dispersal mutualisms and inhibit plant recruitment, quantifying the likely reduction in plant regeneration has been difficult and rarely attempted. We use a manipulative factorial experiment to quantify dependence of recruitment on dispersal (i.e. fruit pulp removal and movement of seed away from parental area) in two large-seeded New Zealand tree species. Complete dispersal failure would cause a 66 to 81 per cent reduction in recruitment to the 2-year-old seedling stage, and synergistic interactions with introduced mammalian seed and seedling predators increase the reduction to 92 to 94 per cent. Dispersal failure reduced regeneration through effects on seed predation, germination and (especially) seedling survival, including distance-and density-dependent ( Janzen -Connell) effects. Dispersal of both species is currently largely dependent on a single frugivore, and many fruits today remain uneaten. Present-day levels of frugivore loss and mammal seed and seedling predators result in 57 to 84 per cent fewer seedlings after 2 years. Our study demonstrates the importance of seed dispersal for local plant population persistence, and validates concerns about the community consequences of frugivore declines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frugivore loss limits recruitment of large-seeded trees

2011

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“…Tannins function as inhibitory toxins that deter predatory attack (Weckerly, Sugg, & Semlitsh, 1989;Smallwood, Steele, & Faeth, 2001). 83 gence in some oak species (Yamazaki, Iwamoto, & Seiwa, 2009). It is therefore necessary to conduct further emergence trials for Q. germana that take these factors (fungal and insect damage) into account, in order to fully understand how variability in emergence is related to the maternal origin of the seeds and intraspecific temporal and spatial variation of insect-infected acorns (Yu et al, 2003;González-Rodríguez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Species Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germinación y emergencia de plántulas de cuatro especies de encino amenazadas

Cruz

López‐Barrera

Ramos-Prado

2016

MYB

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Germination and emergence of the endangered cloud forest oak species Quercus germana, Q. insignis, Q. sartorii and Q. xalapensis were observed under different light conditions (sun vs. shade) in a secondary forest fragment (SFF) and in a greenhouse (GRE). Seed weight variability was evaluated for each species and its relationship to germination and emergence determined. After 60 days, a total of 62.17% of the acorns had germinated and 37.79% had emerged in both experiments. Germination was highest in Q. sartorii (71.83% ± 2.09%), followed by Q. germana (66.33% ± 2.06%), Q. insignis (60.83% ± 2.34%) and Q. xalapensis (53.50% ± 2.32%). In the GRE, Q. insignis germination was higher under sun (62.00% ± 4.73%) than shade (48.00% ± 5.12%), whereas its emergence was the lowest (37.66% ± 3.46%) compared to other species in both light environments. In the SFF, germination and emergence only differed among species; Q. xalapensis germination was lowest (47.00% ± 3.11%) and Q. sartorii emergence was highest (58.66% ± 3.35%), compared to the other species. Acorn weight did not influence germination or emergence in any species. The implications of this study are discussed, along with recommended propagation techniques for growing oaks for forest restoration in disturbed areas.Keywords: early seedling establishment, light environment, Quercus, seed mass, tropical montane cloud forest.resumen La germinación y emergencia de encinos amenazados del bosque de niebla, Quercus germana, Q. insignis, Q. sartorii y Q. xalapensis fue evaluada bajo diferentes condiciones lumínicas (sol vs. sombra) en un fragmento de bosque secundario (SFF) y un invernadero (GRE). Para cada una de las especies, la variabilidad del peso de la semilla fue relacionada con la germinación y emergencia. Después de 60 días, en ambos experimentos, un total de 62.17% de las bellotas germinaron y 37.79% emergieron. La germinación fue mayor en Q. sartorii (71.83% ± 2.09%), seguido de Q. germana (66.33% ± 2.06%), Q. insignis (60.83% ± 2.34%) y Q. xalapensis (53.50% ± 2.32%). En el GRE, la germinación de Q. insignis fue mayor bajo el sol (62.00% ± 4.73%) que bajo la sombra (48.00% ± 5.12%), mientras que su emergencia fue la más baja (37.66% ± 3.46%) comparada con otras especies en ambos ambientes lumínicos. En el SFF, la germinación y emergencia solo fueron diferentes entre especies; Q. xalapensis registró la germinación más baja (47.00% ± 3.11%) y Q. sartorii la emergencia más alta (58.66% ± 3.35%) comparada con el resto de las especies. El peso de la bellota no influyó en la germinación y emergencia de las especies. Se discuten las implicaciones de este estudio, así como recomendaciones sobre técnicas de propagación para la producción de encinos para restaurar bosques en áreas perturbadas.Palabras clave: establecimiento temprano de plántulas, ambiente lumínico, Quercus, peso de semilla, bosque de niebla.

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“…Several examples have been documented of certain tree species regenerating more easily in mixtures with another species than in monospecific stands (Arbour and Bergeron 2011;Yamazaki et al 2009). In most cases, however, this situation is exemplified by tree species of different successional status with few well-documented examples of interactions between species coexisting at the same stage of a succession sequence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration patterns of the late-successional Abies alba Mill.: inhibition in monospecific stands and colonization in mixed stands

Paluch

Kolodziej

Skrzyszewski

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

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Abstract& Key message In Abies alba Mill. stands and mixed stands of A. alba and Picea abies L. (H. Karst), microsites neighbouring the trunks of adult trees were more conducive to A. alba regeneration. Although at the stand level, the effect of Fagus sylvatica L. was positive; the local effect of the adult F. sylvatica neighbourhood was insignificant. Hence, forming mixed stands with a fine-grained mosaic of admixed species might better facilitate natural regeneration of A. alba than monospecific stands.

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Distance- and density-dependent seedling mortality caused by several diseases in eight tree species co-occurring in a temperate forest

Cited by 102 publications

References 57 publications

Frugivore loss limits recruitment of large-seeded trees

Frugivore loss limits recruitment of large-seeded trees

Germinación y emergencia de plántulas de cuatro especies de encino amenazadas

Regeneration patterns of the late-successional Abies alba Mill.: inhibition in monospecific stands and colonization in mixed stands

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