Diagnosability is an important metric parameter for measuring the reliability of multiprocessor systems. The pessimistic diagnosis strategy is a classic diagnostic model based on the PMC model. The class of folded Petersen cubes, denoted by
FP
Q
n
,
k
, where
n
,
k
≥
0
and
n
,
k
≠
0
,
0
, is introduced as a competitive model of the hypercubes, which is constructed by iteratively applying the Cartesian product operation on the hypercube
Q
n
and the Petersen graph
P
. In this paper, by exploring the structural properties of the folded Petersen cubes
FP
Q
n
,
k
, we first prove that
FP
Q
n
,
k
is
n
+
3
k
diagnosable under the PMC model. Then, we completely derive that the pessimistic diagnosability of
FP
Q
n
,
k
is
2
n
+
6
k
−
2
under the PMC model. Furthermore, the diagnosability and the pessimistic diagnosability of the class of folded Petersen cubes, including the hypercube, folded Petersen graph, and hyper Petersen graph, are obtained.