Distemper virus in Baikal seals

Грачев, М.А.; Kumarev, V. P.; Mamaev, L.V.; Zorin, V. L.; Baranova, L. V.; Деникина, Н. Н.; Belikov, S. I.; Петров, Е. А.; Kolesnik, V. S.; Kolesnik, R. S.; Dorofeev, V. M.; Beim, A. M.; Kudelin, V. N.; Nagieva, F. G.; Sidorov, V. N.

doi:10.1038/338209a0

Cited by 178 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…Previous outbreaks in seal populations have been attributed to transmission between infected terrestrial animals and seals at haul-out sites (Forsyth et al, 1998;Kennedy et al, 2000). The CDV outbreak amongst the seals of Lake Baikal was attributed to the spillover of CDV from domestic dog populations surrounding the lake (Grachev et al, 1989;Visser et al, 1990). However, spillover from terrestrial carnivores to sympatric pinniped populations does not always occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Pathology, and Genetic Analysis of a Canine Distemper Epidemic in Namibia

Gowtage-Sequeira

Banyard

Barrett

et al. 2009

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Severe population declines have resulted from the spillover of canine distemper virus (CDV) into susceptible wildlife, with both domestic and wild canids being involved in the maintenance and transmission of the virus. This study (March 2001 to October 2003 collated case data, serologic, pathologic, and molecular data to describe the spillover of CDV from domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) to black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) during an epidemic on the Namibian coast. Antibody prevalence in jackals peaked at 74.1%, and the clinical signs and histopathologic observations closely resembled those observed in domestic dog cases. Viral RNA was isolated from the brain of a domestic dog from the outbreak area. Sequence data from the phosphoprotein (P) gene and the hemagglutinin (H) genes were used for phylogenetic analyses. The P gene sequence from the domestic dog shared 98% identity with the sequence data available for other CDV isolates of African carnivores. For the H gene, the two sequences available from the outbreak that decimated the lion population in Tanzania in 1994 were the closest match with the Namibian sample, being 94% identical across 1,122 base pairs (bp). Phylogenetic analyses based on this region clustered the Namibian sample with the CDV that is within the morbilliviruses. This is the first description of an epidemic involving black-backed jackals in Namibia, demonstrating that this species has the capacity for rapid and large-scale dissemination of CDV. This work highlights the threat posed to endangered wildlife in Namibia by the spillover of CDV from domestic dog populations. Very few sequence data are currently available for CDV isolates from African carnivores, and this work provides the first sequence data from a Namibian CDV isolate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Pathology, and Genetic Analysis of a Canine Distemper Epidemic in Namibia

Gowtage-Sequeira

Banyard

Barrett

et al. 2009

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…An outbreak of an acute disease in Baikal seals (Phoca siberica) prior to the epizootic in the North Sea was found to have been caused by a virus more closely related to CDV than to PDV isolated in the North Sea (Grachev et al, 1989;Osterhaus et al, 1989a,b). There is another hypothesis for the origin of PDV that has not been proved (Dickson, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological relationships between phocid and canine distemper virus studied with monoclonal antibodies

Örvell

Blixenkrone-Møller²,

Svansson³

et al. 1990

Journal of General Virology

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“…In 1987 thousands of Baikal seals (Phoca sibirica) died from infection with a morbillivirus closely related or identical to CDV (Grachev et al, 1989;Osterhaus et al, 1989). From 1988 onward, more than half of the population of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in the North and Baltic Seas died from an infection with a newly identified PDV-1 (Mahy et al, 1988;Osterhaus & Vedder, 1988), that proved to be closely related but not identical to CDV Haas et al, 1991;K6vamees et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of morbilliviruses isolated from dolphins and porpoises in Europe

Visser

Bressem

Swart

et al. 1993

Journal of General Virology

103

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Distemper virus in Baikal seals

Cited by 178 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiology, Pathology, and Genetic Analysis of a Canine Distemper Epidemic in Namibia

Epidemiology, Pathology, and Genetic Analysis of a Canine Distemper Epidemic in Namibia

Immunological relationships between phocid and canine distemper virus studied with monoclonal antibodies

Characterization of morbilliviruses isolated from dolphins and porpoises in Europe

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