Distinct element modelling of the in‐plane cyclic response of URM walls subjected to shear‐compression

Malomo, Daniele; DeJong, Matthew J.; Penna, Andrea

doi:10.1002/eqe.3178

Cited by 59 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…To be able to assess the response of buildings to the induced earthquakes in Groningen, the study programme also included a civil engineering component. The properties of building material and building elements like single leaf walls and cavity walls have been tested in laboratory experiments (Graziotti et al, 2016a,b; Malome et al, in press). Several buildings have been tested at the shake tables of EUcentre (Pavia, Italy) (Graziotti et al, 2017) and LNEC (Lisbon, Portugal).…”

Section: Research Into Induced Seismicity In Groningenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard and risk assessments for induced seismicity in Groningen

Elk¹,

Doornhof²,

Bommer

et al. 2017

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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Earthquakes associated with gas production have been recorded in the northern part of the Netherlands since 1986. The Huizinge earthquake of 16 August 2012, the strongest so far with a magnitude of M L = 3.6, prompted reassessment of the seismicity induced by production from the Groningen gas field. An international research programme was initiated, with the participation of many Dutch and international universities, knowledge institutes and recognised experts.The prime aim of the programme was to assess the hazard and risk resulting from the induced seismicity. Classic probabilistic seismic hazard and risk assessment (PSHA) was implemented using a Monte Carlo method. The scope of the research programme extended from the cause (production of gas from the underground reservoir) to the effects (risk to people and damage to buildings). Data acquisition through field measurements and laboratory experiments was a substantial element of the research programme. The existing geophone and accelerometer monitoring network was extended, a new network of accelerometers in building foundations was installed, geophones were placed at reservoir level in deep wells, GPS stations were installed and a gravity survey was conducted.Results of the probabilistic seismic hazard and risk assessment have been published in production plans submitted to the Minister of Economic Affairs, Winningsplan Groningen 2013 and 2016 and several intermediate updates. The studies and data acquisition further constrained the uncertainties and resulted in a reduction of the initially assessed hazard and risk.

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Section: Research Into Induced Seismicity In Groningenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard and risk assessments for induced seismicity in Groningen

Elk¹,

Doornhof²,

Bommer

et al. 2017

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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“…The lumping estimation (2), usually adopted in the existing literature (cf. [15,31]), is based on in-plane loading of planar structures [42]. Expression (2) is considered for both head and bed joints.…”

Section: Elastic Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although solutions to overcome such issue have been implemented in the existing literature (see e.g. [31]), as it follows, an infinite compressive strength of the masonry joints is assumed. This hypothesis is a posteriori verified by monitoring the compressive stresses in the numerical computations.…”

Section: Plastic and Softening Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With rigid blocks, the normal and tangential stiffness (k n and k t , respectively) of the interfaces are modified with respect to the expressions previously derived (see Sect. 2) to account for the deformability of the blocks in the real structure (see also [31]): The elasticity lumping formulae (13) and (14) are derived for in-plane loading of planar structures [42]. For head joints, the block thickness h b represents the brick length, while for bed joints, h b is the brick height.…”

Section: Rigid Vs Deformable Blocks Is a Rigid Blocks Assumption Alwmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Discrete Element Method based-approach for arched masonry structures under blast loads

Masi

Stefanou

Maffi-Berthier

et al. 2020

Engineering Structures

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Masonry structures are often characterized by complex, non-planar geometries. This is also the case for historical and monumental structures. Here we investigate the dynamic behaviour of non-standard, curvilinear masonry geometries, such as vaults, subjected to blast loading. We use the Discrete Element Method (DEM) for modelling the dynamic structural response to explosions. The approach allows considering the detailed mechanical and geometrical characteristics of masonry, as well as the inherent coupling between the in-and out-of-plane motion. The proposed modelling approach is validated with existing experimental tests in the case of planar masonry geometries, walls, subjected to far-field explosions. The DEM model is found to satisfactorily capture the dynamic response of the system and the form of failure within the body of the masonry structure. Then the response of an emblematic curved masonry structure subjected to blast loading is investigated. The influence of various micro-mechanical parameters, such as the dilatancy angle, the tensile strength and the cohesion of the masonry joints on the overall dynamic structural response of the system is explored. The effect of the size of the building blocks is also studied. Masonry joints with zero dilatancy lead to increased out-of-plane deformations and reduced membrane ones, with respect to associative case. Cohesion and tensile strength are found to have negligible influence on the structural response. The size of the building blocks shapes the overall strength of the system. Finally, the performance of a discrete model with infinitely rigid blocks is explored and evaluated through detailed comparisons of the parametric numerical tests using deformable blocks. The rigid blocks model predictions, for the loading conditions and geometries here investigated, are found to be affected by the rotational locking effect.

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“…Rigid blocks may be preferable for dynamic analysis compared to deformable blocks since the rigid block model has less computational demand [14]. In DEM, discrete bodies can be represented as circular particles or polyhedral blocks considering different scales, which depend on the type of problem [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of the in-plane structural behavior of unreinforced masonry walls and buildings using DEM

et al. 2020

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In this study, a novel computational modeling strategy is proposed to estimate the lateral load capacity and behavior of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures. All commonly noted failure mechanisms are captured via the proposed modeling strategy using the discrete element method (DEM) in three-dimensions (3D). Masonry walls are represented as a system of elastic discrete blocks, where the nodal velocities are evaluated by integrating the equations of motion using the central difference method. Then, the mechanical interactions among adjacent blocks are examined utilizing the relative contact displacements and employed in the contact stress calculation. Through this research, a new stress-displacement contact constitutive model is considered and implemented in the commercial software 3DEC, which includes softening stressdisplacement behavior for tension, shear, and compression along with the fracture energy concept. The results of the discontinuum models are validated on small-and large-scale experimental studies available in the literature with good agreement. Furthermore, important inferences are made regarding the effect of block size, the number of contact points, and contact stiffness values for robust and accurate simulations of masonry walls.

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Distinct element modelling of the in‐plane cyclic response of URM walls subjected to shear‐compression

Cited by 59 publications

References 53 publications

Hazard and risk assessments for induced seismicity in Groningen

Hazard and risk assessments for induced seismicity in Groningen

A Discrete Element Method based-approach for arched masonry structures under blast loads

Simulation of the in-plane structural behavior of unreinforced masonry walls and buildings using DEM

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