Distinct mechanisms of acquisition of mcr-1 –bearing plasmid by Salmonella strains recovered from animals and food samples

Cui, Mingquan; Zhang, Jinfei; Zhang, Chunping; Li, Ruichao; Chan, Edward Wai-Chi; Wu, Chenbin; Wu, Chengqing; Chen, Sheng

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01810-4

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Among them, 9, 8, 8, and 7 isolates were resistant to tetracycline, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and florfenicol respectively, but all were susceptible to imipenem ( Table 2 ). Mcr-1 is usually found to coexist with other resistance genes (extended-spectrum β-lactam, floR , and tet (A)) in bacteria [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. In this study, 6, 5, 5, and 2 of the nine mcr-1 -bearing E. coli isolates harbored floR , bla CTX-M , bla TEM-1, and tet (A) genes, respectively ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China

Liu

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2020

Animals

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Colistin has been used as a growth promotant in livestock feed for many years. In China, mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli strains have been isolated from humans, chickens, and pigs. To date, there are few reports about the prevalence and molecular characteristics of fecal E. coli bearing mcr-1 in the meat ducks. In this study, the prevalence of mcr-1 gene was investigated among 120 fecal E. coli strains isolated from healthy meat ducks in Shandong province of China between October 2017 and February 2018. A total of nine mcr-1-containing E. coli strains were identified and two were identified as extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) among them. The clonal relationship of the nine E. coli strains was determined by multilocus sequencing typing (MLST) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and the results indicated that all mcr-1-carrying isolates were clonally unrelated. Two different genetic contexts of mcr-1 were identified among these isolates. Colistin-resistant phenotype of all the isolates was successfully transferred to the recipient strains by conjugation experiments and seven transconjugants carried a single plasmid. The mcr-1 was located on three replicon plasmids: IncI2 (n = 4), IncFII (n = 2) and IncN (n = 1). Complete sequence analysis of a representative plasmid pTA9 revealed that it was strikingly similar with plasmid pMCR1-IncI2 of E. coli, plasmid pHNSHP45 of E. coli, and plasmid pWF-5-19C of Cronobacter sakazakii, implying that pTA9-like plasmids may be epidemic plasmids that mediate the spread of mcr-1 among Enterobacteriaceae. These results highlight that healthy meat duck is a potential reservoir for multidrug resistant mcr-1-containing E. coli strains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China

Liu

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Salmonella strains that acquire multidrug resistance genes would be difficult to treat and would result in an even higher number of cases with severe morbidity and high frequency of mortality. After Salmonella species carrying mcr-1 were detected in the United Kingdom in 2016, the level of occurrence of mcr-1 in Salmonella among livestock and humans, but also the environment, is increasing worldwide ( Cui et al, 2017 ; Yi et al, 2017b ). In addition, although another five mcr variants ( mcr-2 , mcr-3 , mcr-4 , mcr-5 , and mcr-9 ) have been identified in Salmonella species ( Carattoli et al, 2018 ; Garcia-Graells et al, 2018 ; Borowiak et al, 2019 ; Carroll et al, 2019 ; Sun et al, 2020 ), mcr-1 is still the most common mcr gene found in COL-resistant Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmid Dynamics of mcr-1-Positive Salmonella spp. in a General Hospital in China

Fan

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Salmonella is an important food pathogen that can cause severe gastroenteritis with more than 600,000 deaths globally every year. Colistin (COL), a last-resort antibiotic, is ineffective in bacteria that carry a functional mcr-1 gene, which is often spread by conjugative plasmids. Our work aimed to understand the prevalence of the mcr-1 gene in clinical isolates of Salmonella, as the frequency of occurrence of the mcr-1 gene is increasing globally. Therefore, we analyzed 689 clinical strains, that were isolated between 2009 and late 2018. The mcr-1 gene was found in six strains, which we analyzed in detail by whole genome sequencing and antibiotic susceptibility testing, while we also provide the clinical information on the patients suffering from an infection. The genomic analysis revealed that five strains had plasmid-encoded mcr-1 gene located in four IncHI2 plasmids and one IncI2 plasmid, while one strain had the chromosomal mcr-1 gene originated from plasmid. Surprisingly, in two strains the mcr-1 genes were inactive due to disruption by insertion sequences (ISs): ISApl1 and ISVsa5. A detailed analysis of the plasmids revealed a multitude of ISs, most commonly IS26. The IS contained genes that meditate broad resistance toward most antibiotics underlining their importance of the mobile elements, also with respect to the spread of the mcr-1 gene. Our study revealed potential reservoirs for the transmission of COL resistance and offers insights into the evolution of the mcr-1 gene in Salmonella.

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“…For example, while plasmids that carry mcr-1 in Salmonella food isolates were conjugative, plasmids in Salmonella animal isolates were not. It was suggested that mcr-1 acquisition in food Salmonella isolates probably due to a cross species conjugation from E. coli, instead of Salmonella animal samples (Cui et al, 2017). (Li et al, 2016;Zeng et al, 2016;Zurfuh et al, 2016), Carbapanemases (Sun et al, 2016), and New Delhi Metallo β-Lactamase (bla NDM-5 , bla NDM-9 ) (Borowiak et al, 2017;Yao et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of colistin resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from foods in Turkey, 2011-2015

Güzel¹,

Avsaroglu²,

Soyer³

2020

Food Health

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Antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic microorganisms is an emerging public health concern. Intensive use of antibiotics in food animals might increase antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens. Colistin is a last resort antibiotic for treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram negative pathogens. The recent antimicrobial resistance studies revealed a mobile antimicrobial resistance gene (mcr) that provides resistance to colistin. Furthermore, the gene has been found in different genera. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine colistin resistance of Escherichia coli isolates (N=48) isolated in between 2011 and 2015 from food samples in Turkey. In addition, 5 mcr genes and their variants were screened by performing PCR on resistant isolates. 4 E. coli isolates were found resistant to colistin above the epidemiological cut-off value (Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 2mg/L). None of the resistant isolates had the mcr genes. Further studies with human and food isolates should be conducted to figure out which gene or genes are responsible for colistin resistance.

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Distinct mechanisms of acquisition of mcr-1 –bearing plasmid by Salmonella strains recovered from animals and food samples

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China

Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China

Plasmid Dynamics of mcr-1-Positive Salmonella spp. in a General Hospital in China

Determination of colistin resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from foods in Turkey, 2011-2015

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