Distinct modes of executing movement sequences: Reacting, associating, and chunking

Verwey, Willem B.; Abrahamse, Elger

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.05.007

Cited by 62 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The increased response rate found with these unaware participants is attributed to the development of associations between representations involved in responding. These allow the sequence to be carried out in the so-called associative mode (Verwey & Abrahamse, 2012;Verwey & Wright, 2014). In line with the C-SMB assumption of processors operating at three levels, associative learning in the serial RT task has been argued to develop at the perceptual, central and motor processing levels .…”

Section: External Sequence Control: Speeding Up Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Cognitive neuroscience studies often use research paradigms from behavioral research, like the serial RT task, the Discrete Sequence Production task, and sequences of aimed movements, but they often do not use the behavioral models derived from those studies. A case in point are the indications that different processing strategies are used when performing different types of sequencing tasks (Verwey & Abrahamse, 2012;Verwey & Wright, 2014). These processing strategies involve different neural mechanisms (Debaere, Wenderoth, Sunaert, Van Hecke, & Swinnen, 2003;Jueptner et al, 1997), but this often is ignored when interpreting neural activity.…”

Section: The Dual Processor Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a reaction series is repeated without interruption (for reviews, see Abrahamse et al, 2010;Keele, Ivry, Mayr, Hazeltine, & Heuer, 2003). Initially, the participants are said to produce the sequence in the reaction mode (Verwey, 2003b;Verwey & Abrahamse, 2012). In the course of practice, participants gradually respond more rapidly to each stimulus.…”

Section: External Sequence Control: Speeding Up Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A cognitive framework for explaining serial processing and sequence execution strategies

2014

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Behavioral research has produced many taskspecific cognitive models that do not say much about the underlying information-processing architecture. Such an architecture is badly needed to better understand how cognitive neuroscience can benefit from existing cognitive models. This problem is especially pertinent in the domain of sequential behavior where behavioral research suggests a diversity of cognitive processes, processing modes and representations. Inspired by decades of reaction time (RT) research with the Additive Factors Method, the Psychological Refractory Period paradigm, and the Discrete Sequence Production task, we propose the Cognitive framework for Sequential Motor Behavior (C-SMB). We argue that C-SMB accounts for cognitive models developed for a range of sequential motor tasks (like those proposed by Keele et al., Psychological Review, 110(2), 316-339, 2003; Rosenbaum et al., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 9(1), 86-102, 1983, Journal of Memory and Language, 25, 710-725, 1986, Psychological Review, 102, 28-67, 1995 Schmidt, Psychological Review, 82(4), 225-260, 1975;Sternberg et al., 1978, Phonetica, 45, 177-197, 1988. C-SMB postulates that sequence execution can be controlled by a central processor using central-symbolic representations, and also by a motor processor using sequencespecific motor representations. On the basis of this framework, we present a classification of the sequence execution strategies that helps researchers to better understand the cognitive and neural underpinnings of serial movement behavior.

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Section: External Sequence Control: Speeding Up Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: The Dual Processor Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: External Sequence Control: Speeding Up Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A cognitive framework for explaining serial processing and sequence execution strategies

2014

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“…For younger adults, the IED increased faster for the 6-element sequence than for the 3-element sequence. This may be due to accumulating activation in the associative mode which is used early in practice (Verwey & Abrahamse, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The architecture proposed in the DPM consists of a cognitive processor that is dependent on attentional resources and a motor processor that does not require attentional resources. Together, these processors enable three modes of sequence production (Ruitenberg, Verwey, Schutter, & Abrahamse, 2014;Verwey & Abrahamse, 2012). In the reaction mode, the cognitive processor sequentially translates each target into an appropriate response, which is then carried out by the motor processor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in chunking behavior between young and older adults diminish with extended practice

Barnhoorn

Asseldonk

Verwey

2017

Psychological Research

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Previous research found reduced motor chunking behavior in older adults compared to young adults. However, it remains unclear whether older adults are unable to use a chunking strategy or whether they are just slower in developing them. Our goal was to investigate the effect of extended practice on the development of chunking behavior in healthy older adults. A group of young and a group of healthy older adults between 74 and 85 years of age visited the lab on 2 days. A sequence of 3 and a sequence of 6 elements were both practiced 432 times in a discrete sequence production task. We found that age differences in chunking behavior, as measured by the difference between initiation and execution of the sequence, diminish with extended practice. Furthermore, in older, but not in young adults, slow responses that are often interpreted as the first response of a next motor chunk were associated with a finger that was also slow during performance of the random sequences. This finding calls for more attention to biomechanical factors in future theory about aging and sequence learning.

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Distinct modes of executing movement sequences: Reacting, associating, and chunking

Cited by 62 publications

References 57 publications

A cognitive framework for explaining serial processing and sequence execution strategies

A cognitive framework for explaining serial processing and sequence execution strategies

Differences in chunking behavior between young and older adults diminish with extended practice

Aktuelle Motoriktheorien

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