Distinct VSV-based Nipah virus vaccines expressing either glycoprotein G or fusion protein F provide homologous and heterologous protection in a nonhuman primate model

Wit, Emmie de; Feldmann, Friederike; Cronin, Jacqueline; Goldin, Kerry; Mercado-Hernandez, Reinaldo; Williamson, Brandi N.; Meade-White, Kimberly; Okumura, Atsushi; Callison, Julie; Weatherman, Sarah; Rosenke, Rebecca; Avanzato, Victoria A.; Lovaglio, Jamie; Scott, Dana; Marzi, Andrea; Feldmann, Heinz

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104405

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The VSV‐EBOV vaccine, which incorporated NiV glycoprotein G (VSV‐NiVG), exhibited strong neutralizing antibody levels and afforded full protection against both similar and different virus strains. On the other hand, the VSV‐EBOV vaccine containing NiV fusion protein F (VSV‐NiVF) elicited a weaker immune response, offering complete protection against similar virus strains but only partial protection against different ones [76]. The VSV vector system appears to accelerate activation of innate and adaptive immunity, but protection from NiV still relies on the production of NiV‐specific antigens.…”

Section: Vaccines Against Nivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Nipah virus treatment: Analysis of current progress in vaccines, antivirals, and therapeutics

Mishra,

Prajapat,

Nayak

2023

Immunology

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Nipah virus (NiV) causes severe encephalitis in humans. Three NiV strains NiV‐Malaysia (NiVM), NiV Bangladesh (NiVB), and NiV India (NiVI reported in 2019) have been circulating in South‐Asian nations. Sporadic outbreak observed in South‐East Asian countries but human to human transmission raises the concern about its pandemic potential. The presence of the viral genome in reservoir bats has further confirmed that NiV has spread to the African and Australian continents. NiV research activities have gained momentum to achieve specific preparedness goals to meet any future emergency—as a result, several potential vaccine candidates have been developed and tested in a variety of animal models. Some of these candidate vaccines have entered further clinical trials. Research activities related to the discovery of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have resulted in the identification of a handful of candidates capable of neutralizing the virion. However, progress in discovering potential antiviral drugs has been limited. Thus, considering NiV's pandemic potential, it is crucial to fast‐track ongoing projects related to vaccine clinical trials, anti‐NiV therapeutics. Here, we discuss the current progress in NiV‐vaccine research and therapeutic options, including mAbs and antiviral medications.

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Section: Vaccines Against Nivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Nipah virus treatment: Analysis of current progress in vaccines, antivirals, and therapeutics

Mishra,

Prajapat,

Nayak

2023

Immunology

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“…A safe and effective vaccination for human usage is VSV-EBOV. Currently, the vaccine for EVD that has received FDA approval is VSV-EBOV (rVSV-ZEBOV, Ervebo by Merck) 39 . Human clinical trials conducted between the outbreaks in the DRC in 2018-2020 and West Africa between 2013-2016 showed strong safety and efficacy.…”

Section: Replication Cycle Of Ebovmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurgence of Ebola Virus: Transmission, Pathogenesis, Prevention and Cure

Aljowaie¹

2023

PJMHS

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Ebola virus (EBOV) disease is a zoonotic disease that is caused by four species of genus Ebolavirus. The EBOV disease has outbreaks (1976-2022) in West and Central African countries, high mortality rate has made it a public health concern. EBOV is a filamentous virus having negative stranded and non-segmented RNA. The EBOV genome has the unique capability of forming soluble glycoprotein. Since its first emergence in human history, several effective therapeutics and vaccines are developed. These vaccines include replicative or non-replicative vectored vaccines, DNA vaccines and monovalent or polyepitopic vaccines. This article reviewed the structure of EBOV and pathophysiology as well as the immune response of EBOV infection. In addition to diagnosis and vaccinations available to cure EBOV at acute and chronic stages. Keywords: Zoonotic disease, Filovirus, Soluble glycoprotein, DNA vaccines, Polyepitopic, Vectored vaccines, Pathophysiology, Immune response

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“…Potent RBP-directed monoclonal antibodies have been identified that neutralize Nipah virus and prevent disease in animal models (18)(19)(20)(21). Antibodies and vaccines are currently being developed as a defense against Nipah virus (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), but for some other viruses, evolution has rendered such countermeasures less effective (30). In vitro studies have identified some RBP antibody-escape mutations (31,32), but such studies have been limited due to the inherent difficulty of working with Nipah virus itself, which is a biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) pathogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and antigenic landscape of the Nipah virus receptor binding protein

Larsen,

McMahon,

Brown

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Nipah virus recurrently spills over to humans, causing fatal infections. The viral receptor-binding protein (RBP or G) attaches to host receptors and is a major target of neutralizing antibodies. Here we use deep mutational scanning to measure how all amino-acid mutations to the RBP affect cell entry, receptor binding, and escape from neutralizing antibodies. We identify functionally constrained regions of the RBP, including sites involved in oligomerization, along with mutations that differentially modulate RBP binding to its two ephrin receptors. We map escape mutations for six anti-RBP antibodies, and find that few antigenic mutations are present in natural Nipah strains. Our findings offer insights into the potential for functional and antigenic evolution of the RBP that can inform the development of antibody therapies and vaccines.

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Distinct VSV-based Nipah virus vaccines expressing either glycoprotein G or fusion protein F provide homologous and heterologous protection in a nonhuman primate model

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Advancements in Nipah virus treatment: Analysis of current progress in vaccines, antivirals, and therapeutics

Advancements in Nipah virus treatment: Analysis of current progress in vaccines, antivirals, and therapeutics

Resurgence of Ebola Virus: Transmission, Pathogenesis, Prevention and Cure

Functional and antigenic landscape of the Nipah virus receptor binding protein

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