Distinctive aspects of metabolism and nutrition in infancy

Wharton, B A; Scott, Peter

doi:10.1016/0009-9120(96)00068-9

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…prematurity, low weight, the quantity and quality of the diet, the rate of growth and renal immaturity. 33,34 Although we selected 9% of the patients for outpatient follow-up, these patients are still proceeding with investigations to confirm the diagnosis. Our percentage of selected individuals for further investigation is greater than that found in other studies made on selected populations in Brazil, which have shown inborn errors of metabolism detection rates of between 6.5 and 7.7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for inborn errors of metabolism among newborns with metabolic disturbance and/or neurological manifestations without determined cause

et al. 2001

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CONTEXT: Inborn Errors of Metabolism are hereditary affections resulting from incompetence in enzymatic reactions of intermediary metabolism. At present, several hundred hereditary metabolic disturbances are known, many of which correspond to severe life-threatening disorders. OBJECTIVE: The early detection of carriers has motivated the screening for these disturbances among newborns at the Neonatal Unit of Hospital São Paulo, in an attempt to initiate support treatment, when available, before clinical manifestations become evident. DESIGN: Prospective study of risk patients. SETTING: Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Metabolism at the Center for Medical Genetics of the Departments of Pediatrics and Morphology of Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina.Newborn care unit at a tertiary care hospital. PARTICIPANTS: 101 children admitted into the Neonatal Unit were included in this study by presenting hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, jaundice, difficulty in gaining weight, diarrhea, vomiting, hepato- and/or splenomegaly, cataracts, apnea, convulsions, hypo- or hypertonia. DIAGNOSTIC TESTS: Tests routinely utilized, performed for qualitative research of abnormal substances excreted in the urine in situations of metabolic disorder. RESULTS: Children were included in the study mainly because of presenting hypoglycemia, jaundice and metabolic acidosis. Sixty-four newborns presented at least one positive test result. Most of the positivity was due to transitory metabolic alterations of the newborn, such as the case of Transitory Neonatal Tyrosinemia, presented by 29 patients. Nine infants were referred to the Center for Medical Genetics of Universidade Federal de São Paulo for continuation of the diagnostic investigation. For three of them, the tests applied permitted us to formulate a diagnostic hypothesis of mucopolysaccharidosis, tyrosinemia type I and non-ketotic hyperglycinemia, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The high positivity observed in the tests reflects the newborn's own metabolic immaturity. The selection of 9% of the studied cases for outpatient follow-up confirms that Inborn Errors of Metabolism must be suspected whenever a patient presents metabolic disturbances or neurological manifestations without a determined cause. They should be researched in parallel with the other diagnostic possibilities and not just taken to be exceptional diagnoses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for inborn errors of metabolism among newborns with metabolic disturbance and/or neurological manifestations without determined cause

et al. 2001

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“…In addition, certain unique biochemical and immunological factors provide protection to the newborn against infective agents in his/her new environment (Koletzko and others 2000). The rapid rate of growth of healthy infants born at full term needs relatively high requirements of energy and nutrients per kilogram body weight (Wharton and Scott 1996; Koletzko 2003). Young infants may be unable to synthesize sufficient amounts of certain substrates otherwise considered nonessential or dispensable, due to limited capacity of specific metabolic synthesis pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Infant Food Formulation

Thompkinson¹,

Kharb²

2007

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Milk is a biological fluid of exceptional complexity. It contains the nutrients for the growth and development of the newborn. The compositional structure of milk is, however, dependent on the species and tailored to sustain growth and development of its own offspring. Human milk contains specific proteins, lipids, and other components designed to be easily digestible and which have important roles to play in child development. Human infants should ideally be nursed on mother's milk, which constitutes nature's best food. However, in the event of lactation failure, insufficient milk secretion, and where mothers are suffering from transmittable diseases, human milk substitutes serve as savers of precious life during vulnerable stages of infancy. Bovine milk as such or with certain modifications has been widely used for infant feeding. There has been an ever-increasing reliance on formula feeding practices both in developed and developing countries. Bovine milk based dried formulations have become a prominent feature of infantile dietetics. Emphasis has been laid on the manufacture of formulations having compositional and biochemical characteristics similar to human milk. The technological advancement for the production of infant formula has come a long way in the manufacture of a variety of infant formulae for the dietary management of infants. This is a comprehensive review providing insight on the detailed compositional differences of various nutrients present in human milk as compared to bovine milk, their makeup, significance, and recommended levels of intake that are best suited for the growth and development of infants fed on modified/prepared infant formulations.

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“…Tryptophan is the second limiting amino acid in milk based formulas, and is a precursor to serotonin. The effect of competitive inhibition on the transport of triptophan into the brain and its effect on serotonin production is not known, but alterations in neurotransmitter production may be a possible explanation for the differences seen in breast fed and bottle fed infants (Wharton & Scott. 1996).…”

Section: Nutrition and Prematuritvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional considerations in the growth and development of pre-term, low-birth-weight infants

Kennedy

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This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly fi-om the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be fi"om any type of computer printer.The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction.In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing fi-om left to right in equal sections with small overiaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.

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Distinctive aspects of metabolism and nutrition in infancy

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Screening for inborn errors of metabolism among newborns with metabolic disturbance and/or neurological manifestations without determined cause

Screening for inborn errors of metabolism among newborns with metabolic disturbance and/or neurological manifestations without determined cause

Aspects of Infant Food Formulation

Nutritional considerations in the growth and development of pre-term, low-birth-weight infants

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