“…For example, land‐use changes can alter vector, host and pathogen niches, and host and vector community composition, to posing either higher or lower infection risks (Bellard et al., 2012; Gottdenker et al., 2014; Ogden & Tsao, 2009; Randolph & Dobson, 2012). Moreover, landscape hydrological conditions are related to variations and change trends in both weather‐climate and human land‐ and water‐uses locally regionally (Destouni & Prieto, 2018; Jarsjö et al., 2012; Moshir Panahi et al., 2022) and globally around the world (Destouni et al., 2013; Jaramillo & Destouni, 2014; Kåresdotter et al., 2022) and their changes, for example, in flood event occurrence, can affect vector breeding sites and related vector‐borne disease outbreaks, as well as human exposure to water‐borne diseases (S. Y. Liang & Messenger, 2018). In some regions, disease impacts of landscape‐hydrology changes (Ma et al., 2021) or human activity developments (Reiter, 2001) can even outweigh those of climate change for various diseases (e.g., tick‐borne encephalitis, Q fever and Puumala virus infection for the former types of impacts, and malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever for the latter).…”