Distinguishing genomicDNAofBrassica junceaandArabidopsis thalianausing surface‐enhanced Raman scattering

Abstract

The emergence of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique as a prospective approach for the label-free detection and fingerprinting of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of microorganisms motivated us to detect traces of genomic DNA (gDNA) of Brassicaceae plant species, namely, Brassica juncea and Arabidopsis thaliana. DNA from the young leaf tissue of germinated B. juncea was extracted by modified cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide extraction method and added to silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs). The reduction in the absorbance of the surface plasmon resonance band of the metal NPs along with the appearance of a red-shifted band indicated that DNA gets adsorbed on the metal NPs. The change in helicity of gDNA upon interaction with metal NPs was confirmed from circular dichroism studies. Dynamic light scattering measurements indicated that extent of aggregation is more in gDNA functionalized Au NPs than in Ag NPs. The transmission electron microscopy results corroborated the dynamic light scattering data. The marginal change in zeta potential value of Ag and Au NPs after binding to gDNA indicated good stability of the functionalized metal NPs. The SERS spectra revealed that adenine and deoxyribose were the active sites of gDNA that interacted with the metal NPs. From SERS, the limit of detection of gDNA was found to be~10 and 1 ng μl −1 with Ag and Au NPs. The wavelength-dependent Raman study showed that the charge transfer effect contributed to the SERS enhancement in addition to the electromagnetic effect. The SERS spectra of gDNA of A. thaliana functionalized Ag NPs were found to be different as compared with the gDNA of B. juncea probably due to the difference in their genome length and biochemical variability. Moreover, the Raman spectral signatures might differ due to changes in the adsorption pattern of the nucleotide bases on metal NPs surfaces.Shriram Mirajkar and Akshay Dhayagud have contributed equally to the work.

Silver SERS Adenine Sensors with a Very Low Detection Limit

“…The strong interactions with silver metal surface lead to the low diffusivity of adenine molecules on silver surface. The characteristics result in different SERS detection limits for adenine molecules from that for Rhodamine 6G molecules [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Recently, we reported a novel means of applying nanoscale graphene islands on copper foils as a template or a mask to selectively chemically plate silver nanoparticles on the surface of a copper foil without graphene coverage [12,13].…”

Insights into Plasmon-Induced Dimerization of Rhodanine–A Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Study

“…LSP resonance refers to the coherent oscillation of conduction electrons of MNPs when excited by electromagnetic radiation, which has become an important subject in nanophotonics due to their remarkable ability to produce strong electromagnetic field near the MNPs surface. This remarkable property has led to the development of various ultrasensitive spectroscopic techniques including surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). − In addition to this, LSP can also facilitate the conversion of parent molecules adsorbed onto MNPs surface into new molecules, known as plasmon-mediated chemical reactions (PMCRs). − The enormous growth and interest in the PMCR research field is fueled up after the discoveries of the chemical transformation of p -aminothiophenol ( p -ATP) or p -nitrothiophenol ( p -NTP) to 4, 4-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) by the SERS technique. − Thereafter, some of the important works have demonstrated the diverse range of plasmon-induced reactions including condensation, dissociation of H 2 and dimethyl disulfide molecules, and oxidation and reduction reactions. ,,,− Toward the development of the PMCR, the reaction mechanism of LSP resonance (LSPR)-induced transformation of p -ATP to DMAB has also been continuously explored in the past. ,,,, Molecules other than p -ATP have been also investigated to explore the involved excitation mechanisms in PMCR. − ,,,,−…”

Conformational Selectivity of Merocyanine on Nanostructured Silver Films: Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering (SERRS) and Density Functional Theoretical (DFT) Study

“…Traces of drugs ( Edwin et al, 2017 ; Kumar et al, 2019b ), toxic heavy metal ions ( Wang et al, 2016 ; Guselnikova et al, 2017 ; Chadha et al, 2021a ), insecticides ( Dissanayake et al, 2019 ; Mane et al, 2020 ; Chadha et al, 2022 ), etc. can be detected using SERS, which also provides valuable structural and vibrational information pertaining to the metal-analyte interaction ( Thomas et al, 2013 ; SenGupta et al, 2014 ; Maiti et al, 2015 , Maiti et al, 2016 ; Das et al, 2019 ; Mirajkar et al, 2020 ). The advantages of RRS and SERS can be combined in surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) ( Biswas et al, 2006 ; Biswas et al, 2008 ; Kitahama and Ozaki, 2016 ; Nicolson et al, 2018 ; Litti et al, 2020 ) technique that displays very high sensitivity and selectivity.…”