Distinguishing nanowire and nanotube formation by the deposition current transients

Proença, Mariana P.; Sousa, C. T.; Ventura, J.; Vázquez, M.; Araújo, João P.

doi:10.1186/1556-276x-7-280

Cited by 40 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…For the growth of NTs, a thinner metallic contact ($60 nm) was sputtered, as not to completely close the bottom of the pores, allowing the electrochemical growth of a tubular structure throughout the nanopores. 25 Morphological characterizations were performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM; FEI Quanta 400FEG). Prior to bottom SEM imaging, ion milling was performed to remove the Au contact (200 nm) and smoothen the NpAT surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,24 Additionally, the accurate coating of the metallic contact (cathode) at the bottom of the pores, where the deposition of the nanostructure initiates, allows the controlled formation of NWs or NTs. 25 In this work, ordered hexagonal arrays of Co NWs and NTs, with diameters between 40 and 65 nm, were fabricated by template assisted electrodeposition using NpATs. FORC measurements were performed with H along the wire axis, allowing us to obtain quantitative results on the magnetic interwire interactions in NW and NT arrays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic interactions and reversal mechanisms in Co nanowire and nanotube arrays

Proença¹,

Sousa

Escrig

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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Ordered hexagonal arrays of Co nanowires (NWs) and nanotubes (NTs), with diameters between 40 and 65 nm, were prepared by potentiostatic electrodeposition into suitably modified nanoporous alumina templates. The geometrical parameters of the NW/NT arrays were tuned by the pore etching process and deposition conditions. The magnetic interactions between NWs/NTs with different diameters were studied using first-order reversal curves (FORCs). From a quantitative analysis of the FORC measurements, we are able to obtain the profiles of the magnetic interactions and the coercive field distributions. In both NW and NT arrays, the magnetic interactions were found to increase with the diameter of the NWs/NTs, exhibiting higher values for NW arrays. A comparative study of the magnetization reversal processes was also performed by analyzing the angular dependence of the coercivity and correlating the experimental data with theoretical calculations based on a simple analytical model. The magnetization in the NW arrays is found to reverse by the nucleation and propagation of a transverse-like domain wall; on the other hand, for the NT arrays a non-monotonic behavior occurs above a diameter of $50 nm, revealing a transition between the vortex and transverse reversal modes. V C 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic interactions and reversal mechanisms in Co nanowire and nanotube arrays

Proença¹,

Sousa

Escrig

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…In general, the process of electrochemical depositing of metal into the pores of the templates consists of 4 main steps: nucleation, active 1D growth, formation of "caps" on the surface of template and forming a continuous metal thin film on the surface of the template by overlap of the "caps" [30][31][32][33][34][35]. Chronoamperogramm is shown on Figure 1(a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Template Synthesis and Magnetic Characterization of Feni Nanotubes

Shumskaya¹,

Kaniukov²,

Kozlovskiy³

et al. 2017

PIER C

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“…28 For the subsequent potentiostatic electrodeposition of Co NTs inside the pores, an Au metallic contact of $50 nm was sputtered at the pores' opened ends to serve as the working electrode during deposition. 29 A Pt mesh and Ag/AgCl (in 4 M KCl) were used as counter and reference electrodes, respectively. Further details on the membranes preparation for subsequent electrodeposition of magnetic NTs can be found in Ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further details on the membranes preparation for subsequent electrodeposition of magnetic NTs can be found in Ref. 29.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependence of the training effect in electrodeposited Co/CoO nanotubes

Proença

Ventura

Sousa

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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High aspect ratio Co/CoO nanotubes (NTs) were obtained by potentiostatic electrodeposition of Co inside nanoporous alumina templates followed by the natural oxidation of their inner walls. Magnetic measurements performed at low temperatures after field cooling the samples from above its blocking temperature (T B $ 220 K), evidenced the existence of exchange bias (EB) coupling between the Co ferromagnetic outer wall and the CoO antiferromagnetic inner wall of the NTs. A decrease in the magnitude of the EB field was measured at T < T B when cycling the Co/CoO NT arrays through consecutive hysteresis loops. This decrease is known as the training effect (TE) and is here studied in the 6 K T < T B temperature range. The TE was fitted using the recursive Binek formula, giving small values for the characteristic decay rate of the training behavior, and evidencing a decrease of EB with increasing antiferromagnetic layer thickness. A phenomenological theory for the temperature dependence of the TE in exchange biased systems was applied for the first time to core-shell nanotubular structures. The good agreement obtained between the experimental results and the theoretical data, provided a strong confirmation of the qualitative correctness of the spin configuration relaxation model used in these systems.

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Distinguishing nanowire and nanotube formation by the deposition current transients

Cited by 40 publications

References 43 publications

Magnetic interactions and reversal mechanisms in Co nanowire and nanotube arrays

Magnetic interactions and reversal mechanisms in Co nanowire and nanotube arrays

Template Synthesis and Magnetic Characterization of Feni Nanotubes

Temperature dependence of the training effect in electrodeposited Co/CoO nanotubes

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