Distress and its association with self-care in people with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Introduction. Low adherence to diabetes self-care affects glycemic control and increases the risk of diabetes complications and premature deaths. Studies from the United States have found a relationship between distress and adherence to self-care in patients with diabetes; however, there is a lack of research on distress and its association with self-care in Mexican patients with diabetes. Objective. To evaluate the prevalence and association of distress with low self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method. A cross-sectional study was carried out in two family medicine clinics of the Mexican Institute of Social Security in Mexico City. Four hundred eighty-nine type 2 diabetic patients ≥ 19 years of age participated. The statistical analysis incorporated a multiple Poisson regression. Results. Of the patients 18.8% had distress, 44.8% had low adherence to medication, 43.8% had low adherence to regular physical exercise, 82.4% did not consume the recommended amount of vegetables and 51.1% consumed foods with high sugar content. The distress was associated with poor adherence to medication and lack of regular physical exercise. Discussion and conclusion. The high prevalence of distress in type 2 diabetic patients in comparison with the general population reveals the importance of distress screening and health care at family practice clinics

Evaluation of Psychological Distress, Self-Care, and Medication Adherence in Association with Hypertension Control

“…The higher rate of psychological distress among our study population might be due to the demographic differences and the increasing challenges related to globalization and socioeconomic alterations in the studied region [ 29 ]. Moreover, in line with previous studies, our findings demonstrated that patients with higher self-care scores had significantly lower psychological distress levels; however, previous studies associating self-care with psychological distress were mostly about other conditions including diabetes and ischemic heart diseases [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Living With Type 2 Diabetes in San Jose Tecoh, Yucatan, Mexico: A Phenomenological Study

“…It is important for nurses to continuously evaluate patient psychological reaction to disease management because changes associated with the diagnosis of diabetes may lead to psychological effects such as depression (Egede & Ellis, 2010) and negative coping style (Shayeghian, Hassanabadi, Aguilar-Vafaie, Amiri, & Besharat, 2016). In addition, psychological distress may then cause poor adherence to medication and physical activity recommendations (Martinez-Vega, Doubova, & Perez-Cuevas, 2017). To support effective disease self-management, it is imperative nurses do not underestimate the emotional changes that may arise with diagnosis and intentionally assess patient psychological state at each follow-up appointment.…”

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