Distribución de temperatura y salinidad en campañas oceanográficas recientes en el Pacífico Tropical Oriental de Costa Rica

Mora-Escalante, Rodney E.; Lizano, Omar G.; Alfaro, Eric J.; Aguilar, Rodríguez

doi:10.15517/rbt.v68is1.41180

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…La iniciativa de Ciencia Ciudadana presentada en este estudio mostró ser muy útil para el monitoreo de la temperatura del mar en el Golfo de Papagayo, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Lo anterior, debido a que los conjuntos de datos oceanográficos y programas de monitoreo a largo plazo en esta región son escasos Mora-Escalante, Lizano, Alfaro, & Rodríguez, 2020). Del registro de temperaturas obtenido por medio de esta iniciativa, se identificaron los tres eventos más fríos y más cálidos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Análisis de eventos fríos y cálidos por medio de datos de buceo: un enfoque de ciencia ciudadana en el Golfo de Papagayo, Costa Rica

Murillo¹,

Alfaro²

2021

Rev. Biol. Trop.

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Introducción: en el año 2011 y como una iniciativa de Ciencia Ciudadana, los propietarios de la tienda Deep Blue Diving Shop en Playa del Coco, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, iniciaron a recolectar diariamente los datos de temperatura en la columna de agua de mar durante sus actividades de buceo, como respuesta a la necesidad de informar a los turistas antes de viajar a Costa Rica para la selección del equipo correcto de SCUBA y así maximizar su experiencia en el Golfo de Papagayo. Esta recolección de datos se mantuvo constante hasta enero de 2020 por la pandemia del COVID-19. Objetivo: identificar eventos fríos y cálidos de la temperatura sub-superficial del mar en el Golfo de Papagayo, Guanacaste, Costa Rica y su relación con fuentes de variabilidad climática conocidas como El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS) y sistemas sinópticos como las incursiones de frentes fríos en el Mar Caribe. Métodos: se utilizaron datos de Temperatura Subsuperficial del Mar correspondientes a la temperatura más baja de la columna del agua de mar, a una profundidad aproximada de 25-35 m. Las observaciones se realizaron con una frecuencia diaria del 01/01/2011 al 31/01/2020. Resultados: la iniciativa de Ciencia Ciudadana presentada en este estudio mostró ser muy útil para el monitoreo y caracterización de la temperatura del mar en el Golfo de Papagayo. La temperatura media fue de 25.7 °C. Se observaron temperaturas más frías en febrero-marzo, por debajo de 22.5 °C con un mínimo secundario en julio. Hubo dos máximos en mayo y agosto con temperaturas superiores a 27.4 °C. Los descensos durante los eventos fríos alcanzaros los 16-17 °C. Todos los eventos fríos estuvieron asociados al paso de frentes fríos por el Mar Caribe, debido a reforzamientos en intensidad del viento alisio, con componente zonal del este, que provoca surgencia estacional. Los eventos cálidos presentaron temperaturas en sus máximos de 30-31 °C. Los eventos cálidos estuvieron asociados al desarrollo y madurez de los eventos cálidos del ENOS tipo El Niño. El ENOS es un modulador importante de la variabilidad de la temperatura del mar en el Golfo de Papagayo, ya que los eventos El Niño están relacionados con anomalías positivas de la temperatura del mar en el Pacífico Tropical del Este. Conclusiones: la iniciativa de Ciencia Ciudadana presentada en este estudio resultó ser muy útil para monitorear la temperatura del mar en el Golfo de Papagayo. Los resultados de este estudio indican que los guías de buceo pueden aportar datos sobre la temperatura del mar de suficiente calidad y con alta resolución temporal. Los buzos pueden apoyar de manera rentable el monitoreo y la Ciencia Ciudadana puede contribuir positivamente al bienestar social al influir en las preguntas que se están abordando y al dar voz a las personas en la toma de decisiones ambientales locales. La información generada en este estudio regresa a los operadores de turismo y mejora la comprensión de la variabilidad observada en los datos recolectados por ellos, conocimiento que luego es transmitido a sus clientes para mejorar su experiencia.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Análisis de eventos fríos y cálidos por medio de datos de buceo: un enfoque de ciencia ciudadana en el Golfo de Papagayo, Costa Rica

Murillo¹,

Alfaro²

2021

Rev. Biol. Trop.

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“…The main mode of variability is associated with the El Niño -La Niña phenomenon (Bakun et al, 1999). Other important oceanographic features include a permanent and shallow thermocline and the presence of the Costa Rica Dome in oceanic waters (reviewed in Sasai et al, 2012;Mora-Escalante et al, 2020). Chlorophyll concentrations are controlled mainly by the depth of the thermocline and the intensity of coastal upwelling, which in turn are influenced by seasonal winds.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and variability in local abundances of sailfish Istiophorus platypterus in Pacific waters of Costa Rica: Controls and effects on recreational fisheries

Marrari¹,

Chaves‐Campos

Villanueva³

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Fishing tourism represents a vital industry in Costa Rica, generating over US$520 million and attracting 150,000 tourists every year. The main objective of this study is to examine trends and variability in local abundances of sailfish Istiophorus platypterus, the main sportfish in Pacific waters of Costa Rica, and quantify the influence of environmental and anthropogenic factors. We compiled and analyzed sailfish information collected from sportfishing operations. Sailfish abundances were examined in relation to environmental conditions and commercial fishing. Timeseries analyses showed significant declining trends in local abundances of sailfish in the southern and central Pacific of Costa Rica over the last decade. Bycatch records from the commercial purse seine fleet operating in Costa Rican waters also show a declining trend in sailfish numbers. On the other hand, commercial landings from the national longline fleet show a significant increase of 108%, on average, over the past decade. Different numerical models indicated that fishing pressure from the national fleet and also sea surface temperature with different time lags affect local abundances of sailfish. While other countries in Central and North America protect sailfish and other species of tourist interest, Costa Rica still allows the landing and sales of billfishes as seafood. The results presented in this study highlight the need to allow for the recovery of local abundances of sailfish and promote the development of the coastal communities that depend on marine tourism as their main source of income.

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“…The study area is part of a marine mega-ecosystem characterized by gulfs, bays, coastal lagoons, and extensive intertidal areas and barriers (Gocke et al, 2001;Lizano & Alfaro, 2004). It includes part of the Costa Rica Dome (CRD), an open-ocean upwelling region caused by a seasonally changing combination of interconnected features including the Intertropical Convergence Zone, coastal jets and eddies, and geostrophic balance at the eastern extreme of the 10° N thermocline ridge (Mora-Escalante et al, 2020). The CRD supports a higher density of marine fauna including cetaceans than other parts of the Central American marine ecosystem (Fiedler & Talley, 2006;Lavín et al, 2006), and likely influences the high productivity of the Pacific Central American coast (Heileman, 2008).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

False killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens Cetacea: Delphinidae) along the Pacific coast of Central America and Mexico: Long-term movements, association patterns and assessment of fishery interactions

Douglas,

Garita Alpízar,

Acevedo-Gutiérrez

et al. 2023

Rev. Biol. Trop.

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Introduction: Worldwide, false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens) are infrequently encountered, yet long-term studies have shown strong site fidelity as well as long-term associations among individuals in several locations. Detailed studies of this species have primarily been conducted around tropical oceanic islands or in the subtropical southern hemisphere. Objectives: We assess movements and association patterns among false killer whales along the Pacific coasts of the USA, Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica including Isla del Coco, and Panama, representing one of the longest-running (albeit non-continuous) studies of this species. We also examine photos for evidence of interactions with fisheries, a known source of mortality to false killer whales. Methods: From Central America, we selected 212 individuals (50 encounter groups) out of 244 individuals (56 encounters) for inclusion in analyses based on photo quality and distinctiveness. Photos were collected on dedicated surveys from 1991-1994 and dedicated and opportunistic surveys from 1998-2022. Other than the effort off the oceanic Isla del Coco (1993-1994), surveys were undertaken in continental shelf waters. Additionally, we selected by photo quality and distinctiveness 124 (33 encounter groups) out of 189 individuals from southern California and Mexico for inclusion in these analyses. Association patterns were analyzed in SOCPROG and movements were analyzed in R. Results: Of the 328 total individuals, 158 (48.2 %) were encountered more than once, and 114 (34.8 %) were re-sighted after a year or more. The longest individual sighting history spanned 26.2 years with six re-sightings over that period between southern Costa Rica and Panama. Association and movement analyses revealed that individuals identified off southern Costa Rica and Panama linked into a single social network, with extensive movements between the two countries. Three individuals encountered off northern Costa Rica were re-sighted off northern Nicaragua, and individuals encountered off Nicaragua were encountered off Guatemala and central mainland Mexico. Nine matches were found among false killer whales between central mainland Mexico and Central America. There were no matches between the mainland coastal waters and the 33 individuals encountered around Isla del Coco. Dorsal fin disfigurements consistent with interactions with line fisheries ranged from 0 to 21 % for individuals within social clusters identified by community division. Conclusions: The infrequency of sightings combined with a high re-sighting rate of individuals and groups from the same area, suggests multiple small populations with large home ranges that include coastal waters. Small populations are sensitive to environmental changes, and as the human population grows, so do the demands on fisheries and ecotourism, which could directly impact the different populations. Additional effort in offshore areas is needed to determine the population status of false killer whales in pelagic waters, how often false killer whales using coastal waters move into pelagic waters, and the relationship between whales in the two habitats.

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Distribución de temperatura y salinidad en campañas oceanográficas recientes en el Pacífico Tropical Oriental de Costa Rica

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Análisis de eventos fríos y cálidos por medio de datos de buceo: un enfoque de ciencia ciudadana en el Golfo de Papagayo, Costa Rica

Análisis de eventos fríos y cálidos por medio de datos de buceo: un enfoque de ciencia ciudadana en el Golfo de Papagayo, Costa Rica

Trends and variability in local abundances of sailfish Istiophorus platypterus in Pacific waters of Costa Rica: Controls and effects on recreational fisheries

False killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens Cetacea: Delphinidae) along the Pacific coast of Central America and Mexico: Long-term movements, association patterns and assessment of fishery interactions

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