Distribución Territorial De Áreas Urbanas en Zonas De Humedales en Uruguay / Territorial Distribution of Urban Localities in Wetland Areas in Uruguay

Abstract

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Urban wetlands, their dynamics and management strategies from the perspective of Environmental Geography

“…Several factors may contribute to the flooding of an urban area, including, among others, the state of the wetland nearby, the condition of the entire basin, the use of the land, proximity of the watercourse, as well as the rainfall itself—both the total rainfall and the amount that falls per unit of time. Hence, a combination of elements must be factored in when analysing the events case by case (Schön et al, 2018).…”

“…First, the interrelations of wetlands and urban areas in Uruguay were analysed at the country scale to determine the size of the problem (Schön et al, 2018). A GIS spatial analysis of the records was performed to identify and characterise urban flooding events at the national level and their distribution pattern.…”

“…The country stretches over 193,580 km 2 with a population of 3,286,314 inhabitants, 94.66% of whom live in urban areas (INE, 2011). These urban inhabitants live in 582 towns, 50.1% of which are partly located in wetland areas (Schön et al, 2018). There were 776 flood events recorded in the past four decades in the country, mostly in urban areas (490 events); they affected 122 different towns (SINAE, 2017).…”

“…This trend is noticeable both in city planning and in rural development, where land‐use changes invade the existing environmental systems, ignoring the ecosystem(s) they destroy (Haines‐Young, 2009). One of the current key problems is wetland systems and their management, as the urban and agricultural uses are spreading over them; one of the most evident consequences is that of flooding events that affect the local populations (Schön et al, 2018).…”

Cambios de uso del suelo e inundaciones en espacios urbanos en Uruguay: tres casos de estudio

“…En Uruguay por lo general los ríos tienen poca pendiente y una velocidad importante de llenado y de drenaje; además, por falta de contención frecuentemente salen de sus cauces e inundan áreas linderas (Conde, Rodríguez-Gallego y Rodríguez-Graña 2002). Alrededor del 50 % de las localidades, distribuidas en todo el territorio nacional, se encuentran parcialmente en áreas de humedales (Schön, Domínguez y Achkar 2018), que son un sistema de transición entre los ecosistemas acuáticos y terrestres que permanecen inundados gran parte del año (Achkar et ál. 2016); así mismo, la ubicación de los asentamientos frente al cauce genera uno de los problemas sociales más graves en el país.…”