Distribuição espacial de atributos do solo na região de El Oro, Equador

Abstract

The objective of this study was to generate information through the analysis of variability and given structure of spatial dependence as well as the linear correlation of physical and chemical attributes of the soil, in order to assist in the planning of agricultural activities in six cities in the province of El Oro, Ecuador. The soil sample collections were carried out every two kilometers in the form of a grid with smallchanges in the field with a Dutch-type auger and GPS for georeferencing, with a depth of 0-0.20 m, thus totaling 368 points in the sample grid. Chemical and physical attributes of six municipalities in the province of El Oro were evaluated: Huaquillas, Machala, Chilla, Atahualpa, Portovelo and Las Lajas. The sampling was carried out in each city, but notbetween them. Distances between cities were 20,000 km to 180,000 km. Each soil attribute was subjected to an initial descriptive analysis, geostatistics and simple linear correlation matrix. Only pH and sand showed a high variation coefficient (22.02% and 25.42%)andall other attributes showed very high variation. Most of the semivariograms were adjusted to the spherical model.The longest range was indicated by magnesium (41,500 m) and the shortest by copper (7,740 m). The Mg pair versus sum of bases was the highest linear correlation among all the analyzed attributes. The pH stood out with a greater linear correlation between the other chemical attributes of the soil and its specific management zones. In view of the great taxonomic variation of the soil, climatic types, cultures used and management adopted, a specific analysis in each city is recommended for betteragriculturalrecommendations.

Evaluation of chemical attributes of soils: definition of management zones in silvipastoral system

“…Considering the data presented in Table 1, values of 1.85 dag kg -1 on average for organic matter in the soil were identified in the SSP-FEBN. Barbieri (2020), got organic matter values similar to this work (1.83 dag kg -1 ), which may be related, as both locations are located in an environment classified as tropical forest. Macronutrient P has its classes categorized as low (< 8 mg dm -3 ), medium (8 to 12 mg dm -3 ), and high (> 12 mg dm -3 ) according to Skorupa and Manzatto (2019).…”

“…However, Barbieri (2020) and Bamboriya et al (2022) indicated that pH in soils with a range between 6.0 and 6.8 showed cultures with higher productivity. Thus, with pH values found in Table 1, it is possible to identify, in general, that the soil in the work area has a more acidic pH than ideal.…”

Matéria orgânica e valor nutricional do solo na produção de pastagens irrigada na Caatinga Piauiense

“…Os maiores fragmentos do mapa foram predominantemente compreendidos entre 0 a 0.8 g/kg -1 e de 0.8 a 1.6 g kg -1 (Figura 2f). Barbieri et al (2020) também encontraram resultados semelhantes na avaliação da variabilidade espacial em Neossolos embora outros trabalhos mostram que os valores de carbono para a mesma classe de solos avaliadas estão altos (VANSHCHENKO et al, 2007;MARTINS et al, 2019). Desta forma, o sistema de preparo na área estudada pode ter contribuído para a redução do COT, pelo aumento na taxa de decomposição da matéria orgânico (Freitas et al, 2018).…”