Distributed Control in Rapid Sequential Aiming Responses

Sidaway, Ben; Yook, Dong-Won; Russell, Daniel M.

doi:10.1080/00222899909601001

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Furthermore, if one of the later elements in a longer sequence deviates from the others in one particular respect (e.g., another force or execution rate), an earlier element is slowed instead of sequence latency (e.g., Piek, Glencross, Barrett, & Love, 1993;Sidaway et al, 1999). And if the sequence is produced at less than maximal rates, there is a smaller sequence-length effect on latency (Canic & Franks, 1989; W. B. Verwey & T. Eikelboom van Donkelaar & Franks, 1991).…”

Section: Teun Elkelboommentioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence for Lasting Sequence Segmentation in the Discrete Sequence-Production Task

Verwey

Eikelboom

2003

Journal of Motor Behavior

105

111

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It is well known that movement sequences are initiated and executed more slowly as they become longer. Those effects of sequence length, which have been found to lessen with practice, have been attributed to the development of a single motor chunk that represents the entire sequence. But an increasingly efficient distribution of programming can also explain the effects. To examine the mechanisms underlying skill in executing keying sequences, the authors examined the performance of participants (N = 18) who practiced a discrete sequence-production task involving fixed sequences of 3 and 6 key presses. Detailed examination of the effects of extensive practice, of regularities in key pressing order, and of a preceding choice RT task on the production of those sequences showed that most participants executed the 6-key sequence as 2 or more successive segments and continued to do so in the various conditions. The preceding choice RT task restored the sequence-length effect in latency that had disappeared with practice. The present results suggest that practice induces the development of motor chunks, each representing a short segment, and with longer sequences a control scheme for concatenating the motor chunks. Segmentation of longer sequences appeared to be concealed by individual segmentation differences unless there were regularities that imposed a common segmentation pattern.

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Section: Teun Elkelboommentioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence for Lasting Sequence Segmentation in the Discrete Sequence-Production Task

Verwey

Eikelboom

2003

Journal of Motor Behavior

105

111

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“…The hypothesis that some phases of the control of movement may extend after movement initiation has received independent support from studies of hand movement sequences (Sidaway et al 1999;Smiley-Oyen and Worringham 1996), finger tapping (Piek et al 1993, Rosenbaum et al 1987), typewriting (Brown and Carr 1989, and handwriting (Hulstijn and van Galen 1983). In particular, Rosenbaum found that the RT to begin a sequence of rapid finger movements decreased with the length of the sequence under some choice conditions.…”

Section: One-target Advantagementioning

confidence: 99%

Planning short pointing sequences

Vindras

Viviani

2004

Exp Brain Res

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An experiment tested the hypothesis that fast, short sequences of movements are planned as a whole, before movement inception. The experimental task consisted of pointing to either one (one-step condition), or two (two-step condition) visual targets aligned along the midsagittal axis in a horizontal plane. There were nine possible arrangements of the targets resulting from all combinations of three distances (5, 10, 15 cm), and two trial orders (blocked or random). Performances were characterised by reaction time (RT), movement kinematics, and spatial accuracy. Compared with one-step trials, the first movements of two-step trials had longer RTs (length effect), particularly in random sessions, and when the sequences included short-distance targets. There were also differences in duration (one-target advantage), velocity profile and spatial accuracy that did not depend on the characteristics of the second movement. The results are inconsistent with the assumption that two-step sequences are planned as a whole. Instead, they are in keeping with the alternative hypothesis that part of the preparation of the second step takes place during the execution of the first step.

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“…Given that the stimulus to initiate a response is held constant, increases in RT are viewed as reflecting the additional time required to program more complex movements. The direct relation between RT and response programming has been confirmed in non-clinical populations (Sidaway, et al, 1999) and clinical groups including schizophrenics (Carnahan, et al, 1997), Parkinson’s disease patients (Sheridan, et al, 1987), and individuals with autism and Asperger disorder (Rinehart, et al, 2001). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Motor response programming and movement time in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure

Simmons¹,

Thomas²,

Levy³

et al. 2010

Alcohol

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The present experiment assessed motor response programming and movement time in children with histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Alcohol-exposed children between the ages of 7 and 17 years were classified into two groups: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS: n = 9) and children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PEA: n = 19) but who did not have the defining characteristics of FAS. The FAS and PEA children were compared to non-alcohol exposed children (NC: n = 23) when completing two tasks: a simple reaction time task (RT alone condition) and a reaction plus movement task (RT + Move condition). The movement involved responding to an imperative stimulus signal and depressing three target buttons in a set sequence. Participants completed 24 trials each for the RT alone and RT + Move response conditions. Results indicated no significant differences in performance among FAS, PEA and NC groups during the RT alone condition. However, during the RT + Move condition, the FAS group produced significantly longer and more variable reaction times than either the PEA and NC groups, which produced comparable reaction times. The FAS group also produced significantly slower movement times when moving to all three targets, whereas movement time variability did not significantly differ as a function of group. The observed results indicate children with FAS experience deficits in response programming and movement time production.

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Distributed Control in Rapid Sequential Aiming Responses

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Evidence for Lasting Sequence Segmentation in the Discrete Sequence-Production Task

Evidence for Lasting Sequence Segmentation in the Discrete Sequence-Production Task

Planning short pointing sequences

Motor response programming and movement time in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure

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