Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks in Software-defined Networks (SDN)

CBAN: A DDoS detection method based on CNN, BiGRU, and attention mechanism

“…ℎ ~ represents the candidate output, and h represents the output. W is the parameter to be determined and represents the input, σ denotes the Sigmoid function, and the subscripts t and t − 1 denote the present and previous moment [5] . The formulas for GRU is shown in equations ( 1) -( 4).…”