Distributed parameter model-based control of water activity and concentration of reactants in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Sarmiento-Carnevali, M.L.; Serra, Maria; Batlle, Carles

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.08.191

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In order to analyze the dependencies of various operating parameters on the water management, the humidity distributions shall be considered. Sarmiento-Carnevali et al [27] developed a model-based control for the water management. They calculated humidity curves along the gas channels, using a cell simulation model.…”

Section: Scientific Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Management of PEM Fuel Cell Systems Based on the Humidity Distribution in the Anode Gas Channels

et al. 2020

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A proper water management is important for an efficient operation of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell system. The humidity distribution in the anode gas channels is highly dependent on the cathode humidity and the resulting transmembrane water transport. Therefore, it can be assumed that the cell humidification is optimal when the relative anode humidity is nearly 100% and homogeneously distributed. In contrast to state‐of‐the‐art approaches, this study focuses on the humidity distribution on anode side in consideration of the anode recirculation loop. Therefore, a macroscopic 1D+1D simulation model was developed, which simulates humidity profiles along the gas channels with consideration of the transmembrane water transport and the anode gas recirculation. This study shows the impact of relevant input parameters, such as pressure, stoichiometry and cathode inlet humidity. Furthermore, the results show that it is possible to reach a nearly homogeneous humidity distribution along the anode gas channels for automotive fuel cell systems. This can be achieved through appropriate operation conditions, e.g., suitable combination of pressure and stoichiometry, and supportive flow directions of the gases and the coolant. The analysis was made for fuel cells operating at full load at system relevant conditions with and without external humidification.

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Section: Scientific Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarmiento‐Carnevali et al. developed a model‐based control for the water management. They calculated humidity curves along the gas channels, using a cell simulation model.…”

Section: Scientific Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Management of PEM Fuel Cell Systems Based on the Humidity Distribution in the Anode Gas Channels

et al. 2020

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“…In the context of optimal control, subject to optimization (minimization) of the performance criterion defined in (13), reduced-and full-order observers were designed for a polymer electrolyte (PEM, also known as a proton exchange membrane) fuel cell model in [14,38]. Two linear observers were designed in [39] to estimate water activity dynamics at both sides of a PEM fuel cell membrane, for both anode and cathode models. These variables were needed to facilitate a model predictive controller (MPC) design.…”

Section: Observers For Fuel Cell Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear, Nonlinear, and Distributed-Parameter Observers Used for (Renewable) Energy Processes and Systems—An Overview

Radisavljevic-Gajic,

Karagiannis,

Gajic

2024

Energies

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Full- and reduced-order observers have been used in many engineering applications, particularly for energy systems. Applications of observers to energy systems are twofold: (1) the use of observed variables of dynamic systems for the purpose of feedback control and (2) the use of observers in their own right to observe (estimate) state variables of particular energy processes and systems. In addition to the classical Luenberger-type observers, we will review some papers on functional, fractional, and disturbance observers, as well as sliding-mode observers used for energy systems. Observers have been applied to energy systems in both continuous and discrete time domains and in both deterministic and stochastic problem formulations to observe (estimate) state variables over either finite or infinite time (steady-state) intervals. This overview paper will provide a detailed overview of observers used for linear and linearized mathematical models of energy systems and review the most important and most recent papers on the use of observers for nonlinear lumped (concentrated)-parameter systems. The emphasis will be on applications of observers to renewable energy systems, such as fuel cells, batteries, solar cells, and wind turbines. In addition, we will present recent research results on the use of observers for distributed-parameter systems and comment on their actual and potential applications in energy processes and systems. Due to the large number of papers that have been published on this topic, we will concentrate our attention mostly on papers published in high-quality journals in recent years, mostly in the past decade.

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Performance uniformity analysis in polymer electrolyte fuel cell using long-term dynamic simulation

Culubret,

Rubio,

Sanchez

et al. 2024

Applied Energy

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Distributed parameter model-based control of water activity and concentration of reactants in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Water Management of PEM Fuel Cell Systems Based on the Humidity Distribution in the Anode Gas Channels

Water Management of PEM Fuel Cell Systems Based on the Humidity Distribution in the Anode Gas Channels

Linear, Nonlinear, and Distributed-Parameter Observers Used for (Renewable) Energy Processes and Systems—An Overview

Performance uniformity analysis in polymer electrolyte fuel cell using long-term dynamic simulation

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