Distribution and abundance of micronekton and macrozooplankton in the NW Weddell Sea: relation to a spring ice-edge bloom

Donnelly, Joseph; Sutton, Tracey; Torres, Joseph J.

doi:10.1007/s00300-005-0051-z

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Shelf-associated postlarval fish were probably not sampled representatively at the few shelf and slope stations of the survey, leaving no evidence of postlarval Pleuragramma antarcticum, the dominating pelagic species on the Antarctic shelf. A range of species similar to our findings with E. antarctica as the most common postlarval fish was reported from the upper 200 m of the water column in various areas of the Southern Ocean (Hoddell et al 2000, Lancraft et al 2004, Donnelly et al 2006. (Kaufmann et al 1995).…”

Section: Species Composition and Distribution Patternssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Because the natural depth distributions of the postlarval fishes caught exceed 200 m at night (Collins et al 2008), and due to possible net avoidance by larger fish, their individual and biomass densities were probably underestimated. With few exceptions (Piatkowski et al 1994, Duhamel et al 2000, Collins et al 2008, however, data collected with relatively small macrozooplankton nets present the best information on mesopelagic fish in the Southern Ocean available to date (Lancraft et al 2004, Donnelly et al 2006. In this sense, the standardized, spatially dense sampling scheme of the present study provided a dependable dataset for minimum abundance estimates of Antarctic mesopelagic fishes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Due to the dominance of juveniles, high individual densities were not reflected in biomass density (0.261 g WW m -2 ), which was at the lower end of the range reported from the western Weddell Sea and adjacent waters (Lancraft et al 1989, Donnelly et al 2006, but considerably higher than values reported from the Ross Sea, the Scotia Sea and the APF (Piatkowski et al 1994, Donnelly et al 2004, Collins et al 2008. The low numerical and biomass densities of Bathylagus antarcticus and Gymnoscopelus braueri in the Lazarev Sea were in the range reported from the near-surface layer (Kaufmann et al 1995, Donnelly et al 2006). …”

Section: Species Composition and Distribution Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, abundance and ecological relevance of pelagic fishes in the Lazarev Sea, Southern Ocean

Flores¹,

Putte²,

Siegel³

et al. 2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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, respectively. A generalized additive model significantly related the density of postlarval E. antarctica to the abundance of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba, ocean depth and sea surface temperature. The diet of E. antarctica was dominated by copepods and euphausiid larvae. Mean energy density of E. antarctica in the upper 200 m was 2.8 kJ m -2 , which is equivalent to 36% of the energy stored in Antarctic krill stocks and probably would be considerably higher if a greater depth range were considered. This suggests that E. antarctica is a major energy transmitter in the food web of the Lazarev Sea, challenging the classical krill-dominated food web paradigm of the Southern Ocean.

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Section: Species Composition and Distribution Patternssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Species Composition and Distribution Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, abundance and ecological relevance of pelagic fishes in the Lazarev Sea, Southern Ocean

Flores¹,

Putte²,

Siegel³

et al. 2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…In most recent studies, however, the surface layer is integrated in a deeper epipelagic depth stratum, typically ranging from the surface to 50-300 m depth (e.g. Donnelly et al, 2006;Fisher et al, 2004;Hunt et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in the vertical distribution and community structure of Antarctic macrozooplankton and micronekton

Flores

Hunt

Kruse

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. b s t r a c tThe macrozooplankton and micronekton community of the Lazarev Sea (Southern Ocean) was investigated at 3 depth layers during austral summer, autumn and winter: (1) the surface layer (0-2 m); (2) the epipelagic layer (0-200 m); and (3) the deep layer (0-3000 m). Altogether, 132 species were identified. Species composition changed with depth from a euphausiid-dominated community in the surface layer, via a siphonophore-dominated community in the epipelagic layer, to a chaetognathdominated community in the deep layer. The surface layer community predominantly changed along gradients of surface water temperature and sea ice parameters, whereas the epipelagic community mainly changed along hydrographical gradients. Although representing only 1% of the depth range of the epipelagic layer, mean per-area macrofauna densities in the surface layer ranged at 8% of corresponding epipelagic densities in summer, 6% in autumn, and 24% in winter. Seasonal shifts of these proportional densities in abundant species indicated different strategies in the use of the surface layer, including both hibernal downward and hibernal upward shift in the vertical distribution, as well as year-round surface layer use by Antarctic krill. These findings imply that the surface layer, especially when it is ice-covered, is an important functional node of the pelagic ecosystem that has been underestimated by conventional depth-integrated sampling in the past. The exposure of this key habitat to climate-driven forces most likely adds to the known susceptibility of Antarctic pelagic ecosystems to temperature rise and changing sea ice conditions.

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“…The study of Flores et al (2008) provided evidence of a second major trophic pathway from phytoplankton to mesopredators in the pack ice region during autumn, via copepods and myctophids, comprising intermediate trophic steps via cephalopods and large finfishes. In high Antarctic pelagic waters, about 24 to 70 % of the biomass of the myctophid Electrona antarctica from 0-1000 m depth, was found to occur in the upper 200 m at night (Lancraft et al, 1989;Donnelly et al, 2006) and it was reported by Kaufmann et al (1995) that mesopelagic organisms migrate closer to the surface beneath pack ice than in open water. Thus, concentration and/or availability of resources in the pack ice region near the ice-water interface or within the water column (from diurnal vertical migration) possibly makes it physiologically more rewarding to forage under-ice compared to the deep dives necessary to catch Myctophids in open waters or compared to the risk of being trapped by sea ice by foraging on Nototheniids in densely sea ice covered shelf regions.…”

Section: Female Foraging Behaviour In the Pizmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under the sea ice: Exploring the relationship between sea ice and the foraging behaviour of southern elephant seals in East Antarctica

Labrousse

Sallée

Fraser

et al. 2017

Progress in Oceanography

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Under the sea ice: Exploring the relationship between sea ice and the foraging behaviour of southern elephant seals in East Antarctica, Progress in Oceanography (2017), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.pocean.2017.05.014 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Under the sea ice: Exploring the relationship between sea ice and the foraging behaviour of southern elephant seals in East Antarctica. Highlights• Unveil linkages between foraging trips of 46 southern elephant seals and sea ice• Females follow the seasonal ice edge extent; males remain on the continental shelf• Females exploit the under-ice ecosystem by foraging below high concentration sea ice• Males favour the least concentrated sea ice, probably in coastal polynyas and leads• High variability of sea ice around the seals is key to relax its breathing constraint AbstractInvestigating ecological relationships between predators and their environment is essential to understand the response of marine ecosystems to climate variability and change. This is particularly true in polar regions, where sea ice (a sensitive climate variable) plays a crucial yet highly dynamic and variable role in how it influences the whole marine ecosystem, from phytoplankton to top predators. For mesopredators such as seals, sea ice both supports a rich (under-ice) food resource, access to which depends on local to regional coverage and conditions.Here, we investigate sex-specific relationships between the foraging strategies of southern elephant seals while females tended to follow the sea ice edge as it extended northward, the males remained on the continental shelf despite increasing sea ice. Seal hunting time, a proxy of foraging activity inferred from the diving behaviour, was longer for females in late autumn in the outer part of the pack ice, ~150 -370 km south of the ice edge. Within persistent regions of compact sea ice, females had a longer foraging activity (i) in the highest sea ice concentration at their position, but (ii) their foraging activity was longer when there were more patches of low concentration sea ice around their position (either in time or in space; 30 days & 50km). The high spatiotemporal variability of sea ice around female positions is probably a key factor allowing them to exploit these concentrated patches. Despite lack of information on prey availability, females may exploit mesopelagic finfishes and squids that concentrate near the ice-water interface or within the water column (from diurnal vertical migration) in the pack ice region, likely attracted by an ice algal autumn bloom that sustains an under-ice ecosystem. In contra...

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Distribution and abundance of micronekton and macrozooplankton in the NW Weddell Sea: relation to a spring ice-edge bloom

Cited by 29 publications

References 51 publications

Distribution, abundance and ecological relevance of pelagic fishes in the Lazarev Sea, Southern Ocean

Distribution, abundance and ecological relevance of pelagic fishes in the Lazarev Sea, Southern Ocean

Seasonal changes in the vertical distribution and community structure of Antarctic macrozooplankton and micronekton

Under the sea ice: Exploring the relationship between sea ice and the foraging behaviour of southern elephant seals in East Antarctica

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