Distribution and characteristics of 239,240Pu and 137Cs in the soil of Korea

Residence half-times of 137Cs in undisturbed surface soil in Nigeria based on measured soil concentration profiles.

“…The study had provided further knowledge on 137 Cs transport and migration behaviour in soil in addition to the several studies that had previously been done by many researchers in the subject (Coughtrey and Thorne, 1983, Lee and Lee 1997, Schuller et al 1997, Kanunakara et al 2001, Grzegorz et al 2003and Kristic et al 2004. The experimental study generally showed that more than 45 years after the first nuclear weapon tests carried out by France at Reganne in the Sahara region in northern Nigeria between 1960 and1961, 137 Cs still remains within the 25cm upper layer of the soils in southwestern Nigeria with varying concentrations along vertical profiles and with a mean effective dose commitment of 10.77μSv…”

Transport Parameters of99Tc,137Cs,90Sr, and239+240Pu for Soils in Korea

“…The organic matter of a colloidal form in pore water can accelerate the migration of a radionuclide through the water flow, and at the same time the organic matter can retard the migration of a radionuclide when it is immobilized in soil. A study on the effect of organic matter content on radionuclide migration in Korean soils [8] showed a positive correlation between the concentration of 137 Cs and 239+240 Pu in soil and organic matter, but this result cannot directly support the idea that a higher organic matter content would give rise to a lower migration rate because the colloidal effect of the organic matter was not simultaneously evaluated. Meanwhile, it is well known that a high clay content can restrict the mobility of 137 Cs in soil.…”

“…For model predictions, the transport time of the radionuclides should be previously known. Lee et al [8] reported that the global fallout radionuclides in Korea mainly originated from a nuclear weapon test in the 1960s. Thus, the transport time of radionuclides for model predictions was assumed to be the interval between the sampling year of the soil and 1965 (the mid-year of the 1960s).…”

Long-Term Risk From Actinides in the Environment: Modes of Mobility

“…There is substantial evidence that under normal environmental conditions, both Cs and Pu bind strongly with soil particles and that Cs can be used to estimate Pu concentrations in soil (White, et al, 1981;Lee, et al, 1996;). The characteristic adsorption of both Cs and…”