Distribution and cycling of dimethylsulfide, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, and dimethylsulfoxide during spring and early summer in the Southern Ocean south of New Zealand

Kiene, Ronald P.; Kieber, David J.; Slezak, Doris; Toole, Dierdre A.; Valle, Daniela A. del; Bisgrove, John; Brinkley, Jordan; Rellinger, Alison N.

doi:10.1007/s00027-007-0892-3

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The contact between DMSP that is freshly released from algal cells in response to the hypo-osmotic shock and DMSP-lyase can then produce DMS within the ice matrix. In addition to this issue, Kiene et al (2007) recently reported that the acidification technique failed to preserve DMSP in seawater samples in presence of Phaeocystis sp., which is often found in Antarctic sea ice algal assemblages. DMSP-lyases in Phaeocystis sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust approach for the determination of dimethylsulfoxide in sea ice

Brabant

Amri

Tison

2011

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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The melting of sea ice samples is acknowledged to be deleterious to sympagic microorganisms due to the hypo-osmotic shock undergone by the organism when released from high salinity brine inclusions into the sample melt. Because melting of sea ice samples was also anticipated to modify the initial proportions of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), three sample treatments were tested on an Antarctic sea ice sample, with the aim of identifying an efficient procedure that could routinely be applied for the determination of DMSO in sea ice. Herein, it was demonstrated that purging the melted sample before the determination of DMSO in the sample via an enzyme-linked method produced reliable DMSO results (215.8 ± 8.9 nmol L -1 , precision 4.1%). However, analysis revealed that the unintentional enzymatic cleavage of DMSP through the subsequent production of interfering DMS during melting caused an overestimation of the DMSO content in the sample by more than 59% and concurrently an underestimation of the DMSP content by approximately 9%. The sequential determination of DMSP after the DMSO determination by the enzyme-linked method was shown to be problematic. To circumvent all of these issues, we recommend an analytical procedure for the sequential determination of DMS, DMSP, and DMSO in sea ice. Ultimately, the first depth profile of DMSO at high resolution in sea ice was produced. The depth-integrated DMSO concentration in sea ice was determined to be 718 µmol m -2 , which indicated that Antarctic sea ice is a potentially important source of DMSO for the Southern Ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr.: Methods 9, 2011Methods 9, , 261-274 © 2011, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc. LIMNOLOGY and OCEANOGRAPHY: METHODSthe subsequent gas phase analysis of the produced DMS via a gas chromatography procedure. Depending on the reduction method used, interference with DMSP in the sample may occur, leading to an overestimation of DMSO content (reviewed by Simó 1998).Elimination of DMSP prior to DMSO analysis (Simó et al. 1996;Simó et al. 1998) or the use of a specific reducing agent, such as DMSO reductase (DMSOr) (Hatton et al. 1994), can prevent this bias. The main motivation of studying DMSO in sea ice is that DMSO can be produced in high concentrations by ice algae, because of the potential role of DMSO in osmoregulation and cryoprotection (Lee et al. 2001). A good correlation between intracellular levels of DMSO (particulate DMSO or DMSOp) and DMSP (particulate DMSP or DMSPp) has been shown in data collected in various marine biomes and during different seasons. The data suggest that both compounds have a common origin in phytoplankton and that DMSP may be the precursor of DMSO (Simó and Vila-Costa 2006; Hatton and Wilson 2007). If the same correlation applies to sea ice, high levels of DMSO are expected to be found in sea ice because high levels of DMSP (up to three orders of magnitude higher than background sub-nanomolar values in seawater) are co...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust approach for the determination of dimethylsulfoxide in sea ice

Brabant

Amri

Tison

2011

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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“…DMSP p was calculated as the difference between DMSP t and DMSP d . A recent study (Kiene et al 2007) has noted that DMSP t can be underestimated when colonial Phaeocystis sp. is present in samples preserved using the Kiene & Slezak (2006) method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on the North Atlantic spring bloom. III. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate

Lee¹,

Rudisill²,

Neeley³

et al. 2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The CLAW hypothesis argues that a negative feedback mechanism involving phytoplankton-derived dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) could mitigate increasing sea surface temperatures that result from global warming. DMSP is converted to the climatically active dimethylsulfide (DMS), which is transferred to the atmosphere and photochemically oxidized to sulfate aerosols, leading to increases in planetary albedo and cooling of the Earth's atmosphere. A shipboard incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of increased temperature and pCO 2 on the algal community structure of the North Atlantic spring bloom and their subsequent impact on particulate and dissolved DMSP concentrations (DMSP p and DMSP d ). Under 'greenhouse' conditions (elevated pCO 2 ; 690 ppm) and elevated temperature (ambient + 4°C), coccolithophorid and pelagophyte abundances were significantly higher than under control conditions (390 ppm CO 2 and ambient temperature). This shift in phytoplankton community structure also resulted in an increase in DMSP p concentrations and DMSP p :chl a ratios. There were also increases in DMSP-lyase activity and biomass-normalized DMSP-lyase activity under 'greenhouse' conditions. Concentrations of DMSP d decreased in the 'greenhouse' treatment relative to the control. This decline is thought to be partly due to changes in the microzooplankton community structure and decreased grazing pressure under 'greenhouse' conditions. The increases in DMSP p in the high temperature and greenhouse treatments support the CLAW hypothesis; the declines in DMSP d do not.

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“…Before running samples, tests with standard solutions (up to 26 mM) of DMS (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) in methanol showed that there was no quenching effect of methanol on the sulfur signal. Because we did not measure residual DMS, we cannot exclude DMSP lyase activity during sample processing, [40] or incomplete oxidation of DMS to DMSO. Thus, residual DMS might have been quantified as DMSP by our method.…”

Section: Determination Of Dmsp and Symbiodinium Abundances In Coral Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in corals and its interrelations with bacterial assemblages in coral surface mucus

Frade¹,

Schwaninger²,

Glasl³

et al. 2016

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. Corals produce copious amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), a sulfur compound implicated in climate regulation. We studied DMSP concentrations inside corals and unveiled the linkage between DMSP availability and the abundance of DMSP-degrading bacterial groups inhabiting the corals' surface. Our findings suggest that DMSP mediates the interplay between corals and microbes, highlighting the importance of sulfur compounds for microbial processes in corals and for the resilience of coral reef ecosystems.Abstract. Corals produce copious amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), a sulfur compound thought to play a role in structuring coral-associated bacterial communities. We tested the hypothesis that a linkage exists between DMSP availability in coral tissues and the community dynamics of bacteria in coral surface mucus. We determined DMSP concentrations in three coral species (Meandrina meandrites, Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea) at two sampling depths (5 and 25 m) and times of day (dawn and noon) at Curaçao, Southern Caribbean. DMSP concentration (4-409 nmol cm À2 coral surface) varied with host species-specific traits such as Symbiodinium cell abundance, but not with depth or time of sampling. Exposure of corals to air caused a doubling of their DMSP concentration. The phylogenetic affiliation of mucus-associated bacteria was examined by clone libraries targeting three main subclades of the bacterial DMSP demethylase gene (dmdA). dmdA gene abundance was determined by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) against a reference housekeeping gene (recA). Overall, a higher availability of DMSP corresponded to a lower relative abundance of the dmdA gene, but this pattern was not uniform across all host species or bacterial dmdA subclades, suggesting the existence of distinct DMSP microbial niches or varying dmdA DMSP affinities. This is the first study quantifying dmdA gene abundance in corals and linking related changes in the community dynamics of DMSP-degrading bacteria to DMSP availability. Our study suggests that DMSP mediates the regulation of microbes by the coral host and highlights the significance of sulfur compounds for microbial processes in coral reefs.

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Distribution and cycling of dimethylsulfide, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, and dimethylsulfoxide during spring and early summer in the Southern Ocean south of New Zealand

Cited by 67 publications

References 49 publications

A robust approach for the determination of dimethylsulfoxide in sea ice

A robust approach for the determination of dimethylsulfoxide in sea ice

Effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on the North Atlantic spring bloom. III. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in corals and its interrelations with bacterial assemblages in coral surface mucus

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