Distribution and origin of bombesin, substance P and somatostatin in cat spinal cord

Vj, Massari; Tizabi, Yousef; Ch, Park; Moody, TW; Cj, Helke; Tl, O'Donohue

doi:10.1016/0196-9781(83)90017-7

Cited by 65 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In the literature, substance P (SP) [Massari et al, 1983], calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and BDNF [Zhou and Rush, 1996] are histochemically known to show strong immunoreactivity in the superficial dorsal horn of animal spinal cords, disappearing after the dorsal rhizotomy, and are known to accumulate at the distal end of the dorsal root transection and proximal end of the peripheral nerve transection. The ultrastructural localization of these substances has been demonstrated in dense-cored vesicles of the axon terminal of spinal dorsal horn [Barber et al, 1979;Michael et al, 1997].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural Study of Anterograde Transport of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor from Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons of Rats towards the Nerve Terminal

Ohta

Inokuchi

Gen

et al. 2001

Cells Tissues Organs

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The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a potent neurotrophic substance in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The present immunohistochemical study clarified the ultrastructural localization of GDNF-immunoreactive substance (GDNF-IR) accumulated at transfected sciatic nerve stumps and also at normal spinal dorsal horn, and has demonstrated that GDNF-IR products appear to be located in dense-cored vesicles within the axons. Furthermore, to determine the source of proximally accumulated GDNF in the transected sciatic nerve, we attempted a transection and a double ligation maneuver involving the sciatic nerve. In the early period after the ligation (20 h), GDNF-IR fibers were observed in the proximal and distal segment of the ligations, but no immunoreactivities were detected in the middle segment. On the other hand, at a late period (8 days) after the transection, GDNF-IR fibers had almost disappeared, but weak GDNF-IR was observed in Schwann cells in the proximal and distal stumps of transected nerve. These findings suggest that most of GDNF-IR was transported from the proximal or distal side in the early period, but was locally synthesized by Schwann cells around the ligations in the late period. Spinal rhizotomy caused prominent accumulation of GDNF-IR products at the cut end of the ganglion side of the dorsal root, but not at the ventral root. These results suggested that dorsal root ganglionic (DRG) sensory neurons are one of the origins of GDNF. The fact that small- to medium-sized DRG neurons show enhanced GDNR-IR after the colchicine treatment may support the above suggestion. In conclusion, the present results strongly suggest that a subgroup of DRG sensory neurons synthesized GDNF-containing dense-cored vesicles in the neuronal somata and anterogradely transports the vesicles to peripheral or central axon terminals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural Study of Anterograde Transport of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor from Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons of Rats towards the Nerve Terminal

Ohta

Inokuchi

Gen

et al. 2001

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…Moore et al [80], and Chrubasik et al [81] have demonstrated in a live study on dogs that approximately not more than 0.02% of the SRIF dose administered by epidural means is found in the spinal washing liquid as compared with 12% of the morphine dose administered by the same means. It is undoubtedly the case that the concentration of SRIF in the CSF after epidural administration is very low, but the same can also be said for other neurotransmitters [77]; the fact remains that by using radioimmunological means, it is possible to measure an increase of three times the spinal CSF concentration 50 minutes after the spinal administration. This increased concentration may have an effect at the level of the spinal cord structures [81].…”

Section: Epidural Srif Administrationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Among those who have studied the drug there have been differences in viewpoints both in the definition of the analgesic effects, which cannot always be overlaid in clinical experiments, and in the need that has been recorded by some for the rapid increase in the initial doses [75]. At the level of the spinal cord the highest SRIF concentration is at the level of lamina II and III of Rexed and in general more at a dorsal than a ventral level [77]. The direct administration of SRIF to the neurons of lamina I and II reduces the spontaneous activity provoked by pain stimulus [78].…”

Section: Analgesic Action Of Srif Via Spinal Administrationmentioning

confidence: 96%

The epidural and intrathecal administration of somatotrophin-release inhibiting factor: Native and synthetic analogues

Beltrutti¹,

Moessinger²,

Varrassi

2000

Current Review of Pain

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It is well-known that morphine is the king of analgesics. It is widely used, and administered in various ways for the control of acute and chronic pain states. There are, however, certain types of pain and certain clinical conditions in which morphine cannot be used due to the risk of possible complications. These are usually pain states associated with intracranial hypertension, the presence of serious respiratory problems, the onset of major opioid tolerance, persistent vomiting, and so on. The search for "alternative analgesics" has been in progress for a decade, alternatives that could be used alone or in combination for spinal administration in the treatment of complex chronic pain states and with a low incidence of secondary effects. Today, research is carefully assessing the clinical effectiveness and the side effects of a series of drugs for spinal administration, that is, epidural or intrathecal, such as the new narcotics, alpha-2 agonists, central muscle relaxants, calcitonin, and local anesthetics. In this alternative analgesic category we have to mention the somatotrophin-release inhibiting factor (SRIF), which is an ubiquitous native hormone with widespread, predominantly inhibitory actions, and octreotide, its synthetic analogue. In this article we review the literature on the natural drug and its synthetic analogue, paying particular attention to the problems connected with intraspinal administration and analgesic properties.

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“…SST is involved in the hypothalamic regulation of metabolic, neuroendocrine, and autonomic functions, and in modulating nociceptive information in the spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal cord of the rat [Dalsgaard et al, 1984]. SST [Ositelu et al, 1987;Kai-Kai, 1989;Alvarez and Priestley, 1990a;Del Fiacco and Quarta, 1994;Zhao et al, 1998] and neurotensin (NT) were also found in the TG of the rat [Alvarez and Priestly, 1990b;Zhao et al, 1998] and human [Del Fiacco and Quarta, 1994], as well as in the brainstem trigeminal nucleus [Massari et al, 1983]. SST-IR fibers in layer II of the CTN originate mainly from primary trigeminal afferents, whereas layer I SST-IR fibers belong primarily to the interneurons of layer I and II of the CTN [Alvarez and Priestley, 1990b].…”

Section: Role Of Somatostatin Neurotensin and Endogenous Opioids Inmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…SST (somatotropin release-inhibitory factor) is actually a hypothalamic pituitary regulatory hormone which is present in the brain, the spinal cord [Massari, et al, 1983] and the digestive tract such as gut and pancreas [Reichlin, 1983]. SST is involved in the hypothalamic regulation of metabolic, neuroendocrine, and autonomic functions, and in modulating nociceptive information in the spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal cord of the rat [Dalsgaard et al, 1984].…”

Section: Role Of Somatostatin Neurotensin and Endogenous Opioids Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of neuropeptides in migraine: where do they stand in the latest expert recommendations in migraine treatment?

Samsam

Coveñas

Ahangari

et al. 2007

Drug Development Research

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Many factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine headache, including activation of the trigeminovascular system, dysfunction of: cerebral blood vessels, circulating vasoactive substances, mitochondrial energy metabolism, brain oxygenation and metabolism, platelet disorder, alterations in serotonin levels, low levels of brain tissue magnesium, altered transport of ions across the cell membrane, and inheritance and dysfunction of the brainstem periaqueductal gray matter. The headache phase of migraine is associated with cerebral vasodilation and inflammation, presumably mediated by the release of vasoactive substances and neuropeptides including CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide). Increased serum CGRP levels have been detected during migraine and cluster headache. One strategy to treat migraine is to inhibit the release of neuropeptides or to block their receptors. This article briefly reviews some experimental and clinical investigations focused on neuropeptide involvement in migraine. Drug Dev Res 68: 294-314, 2007.

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Distribution and origin of bombesin, substance P and somatostatin in cat spinal cord

Cited by 65 publications

References 72 publications

Ultrastructural Study of Anterograde Transport of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor from Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons of Rats towards the Nerve Terminal

Ultrastructural Study of Anterograde Transport of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor from Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons of Rats towards the Nerve Terminal

The epidural and intrathecal administration of somatotrophin-release inhibiting factor: Native and synthetic analogues

Role of neuropeptides in migraine: where do they stand in the latest expert recommendations in migraine treatment?

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