Distribution and Transformation of Soluble Carbohydrates during Germination Growth of Sorghum¹

Abstract

Soluble components of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) seedlings growing in distilled water‐sand media were quantified with gas‐liquld‐chromatography. In light, peak levels of soluble component accumulation occurred in the roots in 4 days, in the endosperm in 8 days, and in the shoots in 10 days. Sucrose (2 µg/mg) was the predominant component in the dry seed. In 4‐day‐old seedlings, glucose and fructose levels were 15 and 20 µg/mg, respectively, in both shoots and roots. At l0 days, dhurrin levels in the shoot were 35 to 40 µg/mg and comprised 51% of the total soluble component while glucose accounted for 21%.In the dark, dhurrin levels in 10‐day‐old shoots were 27% of the total solubles and glucose levels were 45%. Dhurrin levels were highest in the coleoptile‐shoot primordium region (90 µg/mg) and the upper, growing portion of the mesocotyl (28 µg/mg). Monosaccharide levels were highest in the upper, mesocotyl region with glucose at 74 µg/mg and fructose at 51 µg/mg. In 4‐day‐old scutella, sucrose to glucose ratios were greater than 3.Dhurrin and monosaccharide levels were reciprocally related; this indicated the precursor roles of both glucose and fructose in glycoside synthesis. The detection of a glycoside with gas‐liquid‐chromatography has several distinct advantanges over the traditional, enzymatic‐colorimetric assay.

Sorghum Flour Characterization and Evaluation in Gluten‐Free Flour Tortilla

“…The differences are probably due to the variations in maturity level of the sorghum caryopses (Newton et al . ). Springiness, hardness and grittiness showed significant differences in texture by the mouth.…”

Abiotic Stress Effects on Sorghum Leaf Dhurrin and Soluble Sugar Contents throughout Plant Development

“…During early seedling development in sorghum, the endosperm sugar content continuously depletes at the expense of increasing dhurrin content (Newton et al, 1980). Here, under full irrigation, dhurrin showed significant positive relationships to both monosaccharide sugars, glucose and fructose, and the disaccharide sugar sucrose at booting and postanthesis (Table 4).…”

Early Seedling Growth Characteristics Relate to the Staygreen Trait and Dhurrin Levels in Sorghum

“…Here, we report a reliable screening sand bioassay, using growth characteristics to screen 10-DAE (13-14 d old) seedlings of sorghum Table 3. Newton et al (1980) reported a reciprocal fluctuation between dhurrin and monosaccharide levels in the upper mesocotyl and coleoptile-shoot primordium regions of 4-d-old sorghum seedlings grown in small flats of sand and watered daily with distilled water in a growth chamber. In this study, seedling dhurrin contents showed an increasingly negative significant relationship to monosaccharide sugars under warm (experiment 3) and cold (experiment 4) temperatures.…”

“…In the absence of inorganic nutrients, early seedling growth is slowed (Newton et al, 1980). The availability of inorganic nutrients is crucial in sustaining growth and development very early on and throughout the plant life cycle.…”