Distribution Characteristics and Assessment
of Heavy Metals in the Surface Water
of the Syr Darya River, Kazakhstan

Zhang, Weiyan; Ma, Lingling; Abuduwaili, Jilili; Ge, Yingzi; Issanova, Gulnura; Saparov, Galymzhan

doi:10.15244/pjoes/104357

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As can also be seen from Figure 2 and Table S2 in supplementary file, the content of Cu, Cd, and Co in sampling region III is higher than that in sampling regions I and II. According to the published studies [63], the content of Cu, Cd, and Co in water samples from the lower reaches of the Syr Darya River is also higher than that in the upper reaches. This may reflect that some parts of the heavy metals in the soils of the sampling region III may be derived from the transport of heavy metals from the upper reaches of the Syr Darya River.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Vertical Variations and Heavy Metal Enrichments in Irrigated Soils of the Syr Darya River Watershed, Aral Sea Basin, Kazakhstan

Abuduwaili

Smanov

et al. 2019

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In the Syr Darya River watershed, 225 samples from three different layers in 75 soil profiles were collected from irrigated areas in three different spatial regions (I: n = 29; II: n = 17; III: n = 29), and the spatial and vertical variation characteristics of potentially toxic elements (Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn) and a metallic element (Mn) were studied. The human health risks and enrichment factors were also evaluated in the Syr Darya River watershed of the Aral Sea Basin in Kazakhstan. There were significant differences in the contents of heavy metals in the different soil layers in the different sampling regions. Based on element variation similarity revealed by hierarchical cluster analysis, the elemental groupings were consistent in the different layers only in region I. For regions II and III, the clustered elemental groups were the same between surface layer A and B, but differed from those in the deep layer C. In sampling region I, the heavy metals in surface soils were significantly correlated with the ones in deep layers, reflecting that they were mainly affected by the elemental composition of parent materials. In region II, the significant correlations only existed for Cu, Mn, and Zn between the surface and deep layers. The similar phenomenon with significant correlation was also observed for heavy metals in sampling region III, except for Cd. Finally, enrichment factor was used to study the mobilization and enrichment of potentially toxic elements. The enrichment factors of Zn, Cu, and Cd in surface layer A that were greater than 1.5 accounted for 1.16%, 6.79%, and 24.36% of sampling region I, respectively. In sampling region II, the enrichment factors of Zn, Cu, Cd, and Co that were greater than 1.5 accounted for 0.03%, 4.76%, 0.54%, and 9.03% of the total area, respectively. In sampling region III, only the enrichment factors of Zn, Cu, and Cd that exceeded 1.5 accounted for 0.24%, 4.90%, and 6.89% of the total area, respectively. Although the contents of the heavy metals were not harmful to human health, the effects of human activities on the heavy metals in the irrigated soils revealed by enrichment factors have been shown in this study area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Vertical Variations and Heavy Metal Enrichments in Irrigated Soils of the Syr Darya River Watershed, Aral Sea Basin, Kazakhstan

Abuduwaili

Smanov

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Research has shown that CACs have emphasized intense agricultural practices, and the misuse and overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farmland are among the most likely sources of P, Cu and Zn (Hamidov et al 2016;Sharov et al 2016;Chen et al 2019;Zhan et al 2020). In the CACs, pollutant discharge has enhanced the release of PTEs into the environment, which has threatened human health (Skipperud et al 2013;Zhang et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial enrichment assessment, source identification and health risks of potentially toxic elements in surface sediments, Central Asian countries

Wang

Zhan

et al. 2021

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Potentially toxic elements (PTEs), particularly metallic elements, are some of the most dangerous pollutants found in surface sediments due to their toxicity and persistence. Given the contamination-related issues for sediments in Central Asian countries (CACs), a combination of risk assessment and source apportionment was used in characterizing the pollution sources and source-specific risks of metallic elements in the sediments of CACs. Materials and methods Surface sediment samples collected from 254 sites across the CACs were analysed for PTEs. The calculation of enrichment factor (EF) and the assessments of health risks were devoted to identifying contamination and risk characteristics, including geomorphic-and watershed-driven variability. Multivariate statistical analyses were applied to quantitatively identify contamination sources. Results and discussionThe results suggested that Cr, Cu and Ni were minimally enriched, Pb was moderately enriched, and Zn was significantly enriched. Interestingly, the EF of Pb was considerably higher in the northwest plain of the CAC region, but that of Zn was distributed across the study area. Source apportionment indicated that natural and anthropogenic sources accounted for 40.42% and 59.58% of the total contamination, respectively. Overall, the non-carcinogenic risks caused by PTEs were acceptable, but Cr and Pb exhibited higher non-carcinogenic effects in the Caspian Sea-Ural River and Ishim River regions. Moreover, fuel combustion, atmospheric deposition and industrial activities made higher contributions than other sources to the ecological risk of PTEs in the CACs. Conclusions This study will advance our knowledge of spatial differences, contamination risks and source identification for PTEs in sediments and provide a scientific basis for policy makers to design environmental strategies in the CACs.

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“…For water security in Central Asia, it is also necessary to carry out research focused on water quality [11,12]. The problem of water pollution caused by industrial, agricultural and domestic wastewater is becoming increasingly serious; currently, the impact of water quality on human health in Central Asia had begun to be highlighted [13][14][15]. Compared with the comprehensive study of water quantity and its influencing factors, research on water quality and its influencing factors needs to be strengthened.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals and Related Human Health Risk Assessment for River Waters in the Issyk−Kul Basin, Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia

Liu

et al. 2020

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The water resources of Central Asia play an important role in maintaining the fragile balance of ecosystems and the sustainable development of human society. However, the lack of research on the heavy metals in river waters has a far−reaching influence on public health and the sustainable development in Central Asia. In order to reveal the possible sources of the heavy metals and to assess the associated human health risks, thirty−eight water samples were collected from the rivers of the Issyk−Kul Basin during the period with low river flow (May) and the period with high river flow (July and August), and the hydrochemical compositions and major ions of heavy metals were analyzed. No changes in hydrochemical facies were observed between the two periods and the river water type was calcium bicarbonate. Carbonate dissolution and silicate weathering controlled the variation of cations and anions in river waters from the Issyk−Kul Basin. There were some differences in the sources of heavy metals in water bodies between the two periods. During the period with low river flow, heavy metals (Cr) were closely clustered with major ions, indicating that they were mainly affected by water–rock interactions. During the period with high river flow, all heavy metals studied in this paper had different sources of major ions, and the heavy metals maybe influenced by human activities. From the human health risk assessment, the hazard quotients for all samples were less than 1, reflecting that there was no noncarcinogenic risk in the river waters of the Issyk−Kul Basin during the two sampling periods. However, the water samples with carcinogenic risk of arsenic exceeding the threshold (10−4) accounted for 21.1% of the total, indicating that there were some certain carcinogenic hazards for human health via water drinking with direct oral ingestion. The results are of certain significance for the utilization and protection of water resources in the basin as well as the protection of public health.

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Distribution Characteristics and Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Surface Water of the Syr Darya River, Kazakhstan

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Spatial and Vertical Variations and Heavy Metal Enrichments in Irrigated Soils of the Syr Darya River Watershed, Aral Sea Basin, Kazakhstan

Spatial and Vertical Variations and Heavy Metal Enrichments in Irrigated Soils of the Syr Darya River Watershed, Aral Sea Basin, Kazakhstan

Spatial enrichment assessment, source identification and health risks of potentially toxic elements in surface sediments, Central Asian countries

Heavy Metals and Related Human Health Risk Assessment for River Waters in the Issyk−Kul Basin, Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia

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