Distribution Characteristics and Community Structure of Phytoplankton in the Different Water Masses During Early Summer of Southern Sea of Korea

Baek, Seung Ho; Shin, Kyoungsoon; Hyun, Bonggil; Jang, Pung-Guk; Kim, Hyun-Su; Hwang, Ok-Myung

doi:10.4217/opr.2010.32.1.001

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…(about 10-16%) and Gyrodinium spp. (about 4-10%) predominated [27,29,30]. The occurrence rate of the phytoplankton dominant group was reported to be about 10-35% for diatoms, about 10-18% for dinoflagellates, and about 2-16% for nanoflagellates [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, small phytoplankton play an important role in primary productivity and the marine ecosystem food web [18,[20][21][22][23]. However, past research on phytoplankton in the South Sea has primarily focused on the coastal region, with relatively limited studies reporting the phytoplankton community structure during specific periods in the nearshore areas [11,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Consequently, research on small phytoplankton in the South Sea is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Phytoplankton Community Structure Changes in the South Sea of Korea on Marine Ecosystems Due to Climate Change

Park,

Chung,

Yoo

et al. 2023

Water

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Herein, we conducted surveys during the 2018–2022 summers to investigate the impact of climate change-related changes in the phytoplankton community structure on the marine ecosystem in the South Sea of Korea. The average surface water temperature increased by ~1.07 °C at 0.0195 °C·yr−1 between 1968 and 2022. During the summers, the rate was 0.0211 °C·yr−1, with a total increase of ~1.16 °C, indicating a stronger increase in summer surface water temperature. Over the last 30 years, nutrient levels in the South Sea have decreased, particularly at the surface. Moreover, 29.3–90.0% of the phytoplankton community structure was dominated by nanoflagellates (≤20 μm). Based on the size of the phytoplankton chl-a, the average contribution rate of picophytoplankton was the highest (60.1%). Redundancy analysis revealed negative correlations between nutrients and water depth, excluding NH4. Increased stratification due to climate change is causing reduced nutrient availability at the surface mixed layer, and the size of the phytoplankton structure is progressively reducing. These changes are expected to manifest in a complex microbial food web centered on smaller phytoplankton with low primary productivity. This can reduce the efficiency of carbon transfer to higher consumer levels, suggesting a potential decrease in marine productivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Phytoplankton Community Structure Changes in the South Sea of Korea on Marine Ecosystems Due to Climate Change

Park,

Chung,

Yoo

et al. 2023

Water

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“…In the present study, high nutrient concentrations were maintained between St. SI 2-4 and SI 12. The supply of nutrients in surface layers of western KCWs was influenced by vertical water mixing, such as upwelling events [25][26][27]. Wind-driven coastal upwelling transfers low-temperature and nutrient-rich waters from the bottom into the euphotic zone after 2-3 days of strong southerly winds in south-eastern KCWs (i.e., St.…”

Section: Environmental Characteristics In the Kcwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer Distributional Characteristics of Surface Phytoplankton Related with Multiple Environmental Variables in the Korean Coastal Waters

Yoon

Lee

Jin

et al. 2022

JMSE

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Multiple environmental variables related to ocean currents, freshwater runoff, and upwelling in a coastal area have complex effects on the phytoplankton community. To assess the influence of environmental variables on the phytoplankton community structure during the summer of 2019, we investigated the various abiotic and biotic factors in Korean coastal waters (KCWs), separated into five different zones. Summer environmental factors in KCWs were strongly influenced by Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) in St. SO (Southern Offshore) 1 and 2, upwelling in St. SI (Southern Inshore) 2–4, and Nakdong River discharge in St. SI 12. In particular, low–salinity water masses (p < 0.05 for nearby locations) of CDW gradually expanded from the East China Sea to southwestern KCWs from June to July. In addition, there were high levels of nutrients following freshwater runoff from the Nakdong River in southeastern KCW, which led to the dominance of Cryptomonas spp. (81%), a freshwater and brackish water algae. On the other hand, upwelling areas in southwestern KCW were dominated by diatoms Skeletonema spp., and are characterized by high phosphate concentrations (p < 0.05) and low temperatures (p < 0.05) compared to nearby locations. Leptocylindrus danicus (20%) was dominant due to the effect of water temperature in the SE (Southeastern area) zone. Low nutrient concentrations were maintained in the East Sea (dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) = 0.39 ± 0.40 μM; dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) = 0.09 ± 0.03 μM) and the Yellow Sea (DIN = 0.40 ± 0.07 μM; DIP = 0.04 ± 0.02 μM), which were characterized by low levels of chlorophyll a and dominated by unidentified small flagellates (35, 40%). Therefore, our results indicated that hydro–oceanographic events such as upwelling and freshwater run–off, but not ocean currents, provide nutrients to the euphotic layers of the coastal environment and play important roles in determining the phytoplankton community structure during summer in the KCWs.

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“…Coastal waters off Jindo are characterized by a wind-driven (upwelling) and strong tidal current in the shallow southwestern area (Jeong et al 2009). Phytoplankton, composed mainly of Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, Chrysophycea, and Cryptophycea blooms during summer often have a serious impact on coastal fisheries and the surrounding ecosystem via harmful algal blooms (HABs; Baek et al 2010;Lee & Kim 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variations of the trophodynamics of anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) in the southern coastal waters of Korea using fatty acid trophic markers

Kim¹,

Kim

Choi

et al. 2014

Animal Cells and Systems

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Spatial and temporal variations of the trophodynamics of anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) in the southern coastal waters of Korea using fatty acid trophic markers The abundance and proportion of specific fatty acids differ among fundamental groups of lower trophic levels. Some prey fatty acids are transferred directly to predators. In this study, fatty acid compositions of juvenile, young, and adult anchovies (Engraulis japonicus) were evaluated as trophic markers for feeding environments in four regions (Tongyeong, Namhaedo, Yeosu, and Jindo) of the southern coastal waters of Korea. The condition factor (CF) increased with advancing life stage, and the gonad somatic index (GSI) peaked in May. C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C16:1n-7, C18:1n-9, C20:1n-9, C20:5n-3, and C22:6n-3, among other saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were predominant in all life stages. We observed geographic eastward and life-stage dependent trends wherein C14:0, C16:1n-7 C18:1n-9, and C20:5n-3 fatty acids increased, while C22:6n-3 decreased during development from juvenile to adult in most season. Indicating Calanus copepod trophic markers, MUFA 20:1n-9 and 22:1n-9, were high in the upwelling area of the southwestern sea, but low in southern coastal areas. High MUFA 18:1n-9 and SFA 16:0 in all areas suggests a significant dietary input from non-calanoid copepods in the southern coastal waters of Korea. High dependence on dinoflagellate harmful algal blooms (HABs) was detected in the ratios of major fatty acids (C20:5n-3/C22:6n-3 and C16:1n-7/C16:0) in juvenile and young fish. These results indicate that life stage-and area-specific fatty acid compositions may be explained by regional feeding environments, which influence juvenile and young fish growth and adult maturation in the southern coastal waters of Korea.

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Distribution Characteristics and Community Structure of Phytoplankton in the Different Water Masses During Early Summer of Southern Sea of Korea

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Impact of Phytoplankton Community Structure Changes in the South Sea of Korea on Marine Ecosystems Due to Climate Change

Impact of Phytoplankton Community Structure Changes in the South Sea of Korea on Marine Ecosystems Due to Climate Change

Summer Distributional Characteristics of Surface Phytoplankton Related with Multiple Environmental Variables in the Korean Coastal Waters

Spatial and temporal variations of the trophodynamics of anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) in the southern coastal waters of Korea using fatty acid trophic markers

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