The separated silicon-vacancy (SiV) photoluminescent diamond particles were synthesized on silica optical fiber by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). The effects of pre-treated method and chamber pressure on the microstructure and photoluminescence of diamond particles are investigated. The results show that diamond particles are homogeneously distributed on the surface of optical fiber, which is dip-coated into the slurry consisting of nanodiamond particles for 2-5 minutes. With chamber pressure increasing from 1.6 to 3.5 kPa, the shape of particles transits from flake to circle, while diamond particles cannot be deposited on the fiber with pressure further increasing to 4.5 kPa. The samples synthesized under 2.5 kPa chamber pressure are composed of diamond particles with size around 200-400 nm, exhibiting stronger SiV photoluminescence with the width of around 6 nm.