Distribution of 201Tl in the blood.

Nakamura, Kayoko; Nishiguchi, Iku; Takagi, Yaeko; Kubo, Atsushi; Hashimoto, S

doi:10.3769/radioisotopes.34.10_550

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Mercury produced by radioactive decay in a blood compartment that is not identifiable with a blood compartment of the mercury model is assumed to transfer to Plasma 1 at the rate 1000 d −1 . Mercury produced in a soft tissue compartment not identifiable with a compartment in the model for mercury is assumed to transfer to Plasma 1 with a half-time of 20 d. Mercury produced in a compartment of cortical or trabecular bone volume is assumed to transfer to Plasma 1 at the reference turnover rate for that bone type. (d) Thallium (480) The biokinetic of thallium have been investigated extensively in human subjects and laboratory animals, due mainly to the importance of radiothallium in nuclear medicine and many occurrences of accidental or malicious poisoning with stable thallium (Gettler and Weiss, 1943; Barclay et al., 1953; Lie et al., 1960; Gehring and Hammond, 1967; Potter et al., 1971; Bradley-Moore et al., 1975; Strauss et al., 1975; Atkins et al., 1977; Suzuki et al., 1978; Berger et al., 1983; Nakamura et al., 1985; Gregus and Klaassen, 1986; Krahwinkel et al., 1988; Lathrop et al., 1989; Blanchardon et al., 2005; Thomas et al., 2005). Comparisons of the disappearance of radioisotopes of thallium, potassium, and rubidium from blood and their uptake by tissues of laboratory animals suggest a close relation in the movement of these elements, presumably associated with their similar ionic radii (Gehring and Hammond, 1967; Strauss et al., 1975).…”

Section: Lead (Z = 82)mentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

Paquet¹,

Bailey²,

Leggett³

et al. 2017

Ann ICRP

236

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The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP, 2007) introduced changes that affect the calculation of effective dose, and implied a revision of the dose coefficients for internal exposure, published previously in the Publication 30 series (ICRP, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1988) and Publication 68 (ICRP, 1994). In addition, new data are now available that support an update of the radionuclide-specific information given in Publications 54 and 78 (ICRP, 1988a, 1997b) for the design of monitoring programmes and retrospective assessment of occupational internal doses. Provision of new biokinetic models, dose coefficients, monitoring methods, and bioassay data was performed by Committee 2, Task Group 21 on Internal Dosimetry, and Task Group 4 on Dose Calculations. A new series, the Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides (OIR) series, will replace the Publication 30 series and Publications 54, 68, and 78. OIR Part 1 has been issued (ICRP, 2015), and describes the assessment of internal occupational exposure to radionuclides, biokinetic and dosimetric models, methods of individual and workplace monitoring, and general aspects of retrospective dose assessment. OIR Part 2 (ICRP, 2016), this current publication and upcoming publications in the OIR series (Parts 4 and 5) provide data on individual elements and their radioisotopes, including information on chemical forms encountered in the workplace; a list of principal radioisotopes and their physical half-lives and decay modes; the parameter values of the reference biokinetic model; and data on monitoring techniques for the radioisotopes encountered most commonly in workplaces. Reviews of data on inhalation, ingestion, and systemic biokinetics are also provided for most of the elements. Dosimetric data provided in the printed publications of the OIR series include tables of committed effective dose per intake (Sv Bq−1 intake) for inhalation and ingestion, tables of committed effective dose per content (Sv Bq−1 measurement) for inhalation, and graphs of retention and excretion data per Bq intake for inhalation. These data are provided for all absorption types and for the most common isotope(s) of each element. The electronic annex that accompanies the OIR series of publications contains a comprehensive set of committed effective and equivalent dose coefficients, committed effective dose per content functions, and reference bioassay functions. Data are provided for inhalation, ingestion, and direct input to blood. This third publication in the series provides the above data for the following elements: ruthenium (Ru), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), iodine (I), caesium (Cs), barium (Ba), iridium (Ir), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi), polonium (Po), radon (Rn), radium (Ra), thorium (Th), and uranium (U).

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Section: Lead (Z = 82)mentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

Paquet¹,

Bailey²,

Leggett³

et al. 2017

Ann ICRP

236

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“… (228) Little information was found on the behaviour of inhaled nickel in man: National Research Council (1975) reports post-mortem measurements of nickel concentrations averaging 0.1, 0.6, and 70 µg g −1 lung (dry mass), respectively, in groups of normal subjects, ore miners, and ‘victims of nickel carbonyl poisoning’ who had also been chronically exposed to dust with a high nickel content. However, although they show some accumulation following occupational exposure, the deposits were not related to specific exposures, and the retention time in the lungs cannot be estimated.…”

Section: Nickel (Z = 28)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, although they show some accumulation following occupational exposure, the deposits were not related to specific exposures, and the retention time in the lungs cannot be estimated. Inhalation of nickel radioisotopes is not generally of major concern, but because of the recognised chemical toxicity of nickel, numerous studies have been conducted on its behaviour following deposition in the respiratory tract (National Research Council, 1975; Sivulka, 2005; Goodman et al., 2011). Information is available from experimental studies of nickel compounds including the carbonyl, chloride, sulphate, sulphides, and oxide – mostly in rats, with a few studies in dogs or monkeys. (229) Absorption parameter values and types, and associated f A values for gas and vapour forms of nickel are given in Table 15.2 and for particulate forms in Table 15.3.…”

Section: Nickel (Z = 28)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systemic distribution, retention, and excretion of thallium 37.2.3.1. Biokinetic data (705) The biokinetics of thallium has been investigated extensively in human subjects and laboratory animals, due largely to the importance of radiothallium in nuclear medicine and many occurrences of poisoning with stable thallium (Gettler and Weiss, 1943;Barclay et al, 1953;Lie et al, 1960;Gehring and Hammond, 1967;Potter et al, 1971;Bradley-Moore et al, 1975;Strauss et al, 1975;Atkins et al, 1977;Suzuki et al, 1978;Berger et al, 1983;Nakamura et al, 1985;Gregus and Klaassen, 1986;Krahwinkel et al, 1988;Lathrop et al, 1989;Blanchardon et al, 2005;Thomas et al, 2005). Comparisons of the disappearance of radioisotopes of thallium, potassium, and rubidium from blood and their uptake by tissues of All forms 1 * It is assumed that the bound state can be neglected for thallium (i.e.…”

Section: Ingestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ICRP Publication 151: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 5

Paquet¹,

Leggett²,

Blanchardon³

et al. 2022

Ann ICRP

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Biodistributions of radioactive alkaline metals in tumor bearing animals: comparison with 201Tl

Ando

Katayama

et al. 1988

Eur J Nucl Med

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The retention values for 42K, 86Rb and 134Cs in the tissues and blood were quite similar to those for 201Tl, but were very different from those for 22Na. In an experiment for subcellular fractionation of tumors, most of these nuclides were localized in the supernatant fraction, with small amounts in other fractions. The concentration ratios for these nuclides in each fraction were approximately constant regardless of the time after administration. Radioactive alkaline metals in the supernatant fraction of the tumor homogenate existed mostly as free ions and were bound to protein in other fractions of tumor tissue. These results were essentially the same as those for 201Tl. Ouabain suppression studies indicated that 201Tl is taken up into the tumor cells partly through Na+, K+-ATPase of their membranes. Ionic radii of alkaline metals and thallium were related to their blood and tumor retention values. This relationship suggested that monovalent cations whose ionic radii exceed 0.133 nm, and which exist as free ions in the tissue fluids, behave like the potassium ion. Potassium and K analogs (Tl, Rb, Cs) are avidly taken up into viable tumor cells whose Na+, K+-ATPase activity is elevated. Therefore, suitable radionuclides of K and K analogs can be excellent agents for visualization of viable tumor tissues.

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Distribution of 201Tl in the blood.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

ICRP Publication 151: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 5

Biodistributions of radioactive alkaline metals in tumor bearing animals: comparison with 201Tl

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