Distribution of antibody affinities: Technique of measurement

Werblin, Theodore P.; Siskind, Gregory W.

doi:10.1016/0019-2791(72)90110-3

Cited by 145 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…in these sera). It is known that the distribution of avidities within an antibody population is not a normal one [16] and that high avidity antibodies are produced early in an immune response as well as low avidity antibodies. It is the proportion of high and low avidity antibodies that changes (in the IgG response at least) over a period of time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The avidity of specific IgM detected in primary rubella and reinfection

Thomas

Morgan‐Capner

1990

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYAn IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rubella-specific IgM was used to assess the avidity of specific IgM by comparing the results obtained with and without a mild protein denaturant in the washing fluid used after incubation of IgM with rubella haemagglutinating antigen. An avidity index (Al) was calculated with AIs < 50% considered to indicate low avidity. Sera from recent primary rubella, rubella reinfection and from patients persistently reactive for specific IgM were tested. Urea and diethylamine (DEA) were compared as the protein denaturants. Twenty-six of 28 sera from cases of primary rubella gave an Al < 50% with DEA, compared with 25 of 28 with urea. Seventeen of 20 sera from cases of reinfection gave an Al > 50 % with DEA whereas only 14 of 20 had a similarly high avidity with urua. Eight of 10 sera from 4 cases of persistent specific IgM reactivity gave AIs > 50 % with DEA, although this was reduced to 5 when urea was used. Thus a difference has been demonstrated between the avidity of specific IgM in primary infection from that demonstrated after a secondary antigenic challenge (reinfection). This may help in serologically distinguishing primary infection from reinfection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The avidity of specific IgM detected in primary rubella and reinfection

Thomas

Morgan‐Capner

1990

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…Sublethally irradiated mice were primed either 2 hr or 30 days after irradiation; chimeras were primed 120 days after bone marrow transplantation. All animals were boosted by a second subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mg of antigen dissolved in 0.1 ml of phosphatebuffered saline on day 10 (except the chimeras), 20, 30, or 60 after priming and were sacrificed by decapitation 7 days after boosting. At sacrifice, sera from five mice of the same group were pooled.…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhanced antibody affinity in sublethally irradiated mice and bone marrow chimeras.

Doria¹,

Gorini²,

Michele³

1977

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In several animal species a sublethal dose of x-rays, from 100 to 200 R on, causes maximum depression of the primary antibody response if antigen is injected 1-2 days after total-body irradiation. The depressive effect of sublethal doses of x-rays is transient, however; recovery starts at 1 week and may be complete 2 months after radiation doses as large as 500-700 R (1).Recovery of the immune system after a supralethal dose of x-rays can be achieved by transplantation of hemopoietic cells. Animals so treated are denominated chimeras because they possess, often for their life span, cells of graft origin (2). Antigenic stimulation of radiation chimeras may result in antibody production by cells of donor type (3). Recovery of the antibody response of bone marrow chimeras is faster in syngeneic than in allogeneic combinations. In some experiments, the antibody response of syngeneic chimeras could attain normal levels when antigen was injected 30-60 days (4) or 60-90 days (5) after bone marrow transplantation. In other experiments, however, the antibody response of syngeneic chimeras immunized 16060 days after transplantation was still subnormal although higher than the response of allogeneic chimeras-of the same age (6). The lower antibody titer observed in allogeneic as compared to syngeneic chimeras was attributed to incomplete repopulation of the immune system, although it could not be ruled out that immunologically competent cells were less efficient in antibody production when stimulated in allogeneic hosts (5). That immunologic mechanisms are abnormally operating in allogeneic bone marrow chimeras was suggested by the finding that these animals, 90-120 days after transplantation, had a decreased ability to synthesize 7S antibodies to certain antigens (7).In all these studies on the antibody response in sublethally irradiated mice and in bone marrow radiation chimeras, antibody affinity was not examined. Affinity, that is, the binding Irradiation. Total-body x-irradiation of the animals was performed as described (9). Mice were either sublethally irradiated (450 R) or lethally irradiated (900 R).Chimeras. Within 2 hr after radiation exposure, lethally irradiated mice were injected intravenously with I ml of a cell suspension containing 1 X 107 nucleated bone marrow cells from normal donors. Suspensions of bone marrow cells were prepared in Eagle's medium as described (9). Allogeneic chimeras were obtained using DBA donors and C3H recipients, and designated DBA/C3H. Syngeneic chimeras were of the following types: C3H/C3H and DBA/DBA. In each strain combination, donors and hosts were of the same sex. In a previous study (5), erythropoietic and antibody-forming cells of all allogeneic chimeras prepared as the present ones and tested 60-150 days after transplantation were of donor type only.Immunization. The antigen used for primary and secondary immunization was dinitrophenyl-keyhole-limpet-hemocyanin (Dnp-KLH), 62 moles of Dnp per mole of KLH, from Calbiochem.Normal C3H and DBA mice, sublethally irradiated C3H m...

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“…and purified by thin-layer chromatography . These methods have been described in detail previously (5) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The affinity of the antibody for [9H]DNP-EACA was assayed by the Farr technique (10) . The details of how these procedures are performed in our laboratory have been previously reported (5,11,12) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of an antibody-mediated tolerance state and its effect on antibody affinity.

Birnbaum¹,

Weksler²,

Siskind³

1975

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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We have described a model of immunological tolerance induced, in adult mice, by a single injection of a moderate dose of a hapten-protein conjugate. The data suggest that the mechanism of this tolerance state is the production of small amounts of high affinity antibody in response to the tolerance-inducing antigen injection. This antibody acts to inhibit the response to a subsequent challenge with antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant by a mechanism comparable to that of passive antibody-medicated immune suppression. It was shown that a small but high affinity. Tolerance was not terminated by transfer of normal syngeneic spleen or peritoneal cells into tolerant animals. Spleen cells from tolerant mice, when transferred into lethally irradiated, syngeneic animals, produced a PFC response which is greater in magnitude and tolerance state had a significant degree of carrier specificity which was shown to be comparable to the carrier specificity of antibody-mediated immune suppression. hus, evidence was presented to show that one mechanism of tolerance in adult animals in the suppressive effect of small amounts of high affinity antibody formed in response to the tolerizing injection of antigen.

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Distribution of antibody affinities: Technique of measurement

Cited by 145 publications

References 17 publications

The avidity of specific IgM detected in primary rubella and reinfection

The avidity of specific IgM detected in primary rubella and reinfection

Enhanced antibody affinity in sublethally irradiated mice and bone marrow chimeras.

Demonstration of an antibody-mediated tolerance state and its effect on antibody affinity.

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