Distribution of BHV1 in fractions of semen from a naturally infected bull

Guerin, Colleen M.; Harlay, T.; Guérin, Bernard; Thibier, M.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(93)90368-f

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Because of latency, controlling this viral infection is difficult to achieve. BHV-1 can also be transmitted through semen from latently infected bulls (4,16,48); therefore, artificial insemination (AI) centers of the European Union must be BHV-1 free in order to avoid BHV-1 dissemination within the cattle industry.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Infection in Calves with Maternal Antibodies on Immune Response and Virus Latency

et al. 2000

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The presence of maternally derived antibodies can interfere with the development of an active antibody response to antigen. Infection of seven passively immunized young calves with a virulent strain of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) was performed to determine whether they could become seronegative after the disappearance of maternal antibodies while latently infected with BHV-1. Four uninfected calves were controls. All calves were monitored serologically for 13 to 18 months. In addition, the development of a cell-mediated immune response was assessed by an in vitro antigen-specific gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production assay. All calves had positive IFN-γ responses as early as 7 days until at least 10 weeks after infection. However, no antibody rise was observed after infection in the three calves with the highest titers of maternal antibodies. One of the three became seronegative by virus neutralization test at 7 months of age like the control animals. This calf presented negative IFN-γ results at the same time and was classified seronegative by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at around 10 months of age. This calf was latently infected, as proven by virus reexcretion after dexamethasone treatment at the end of the experiment. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that BHV-1-seronegative latent carriers can be obtained experimentally. In addition, the IFN-γ assay was able to discriminate calves possessing only passively acquired antibodies from those latently infected by BHV-1, but it could not detect seronegative latent carriers. The failure to easily detect such animals presents an epidemiological threat for the control of BHV-1 infection.

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Effects of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Infection in Calves with Maternal Antibodies on Immune Response and Virus Latency

et al. 2000

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“…Th e BHV 1 infection is easily spread from animal to animal via the respiratory or reproductive transmission route, since aft er native or artifi cial insemination semen samples are potential source of BHV 1 infection (Guerin et al 1993). Contaminated semen samples are potential threat to bovine population because BHV 1 can cause infectious pustular vulvovaginitis, endometritis, short estrus cycles, repeat breeding, abortion in cows and balanopostitis in susceptible bulls (Schultz and Sheff y, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in Cattle Population and Bulls From Centers for Artificial Insemination and Private Farms in Bulgaria

Peshev¹,

Christova²

2013

AVM

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The aim of the study is determination of the BHV 1 incidence among the bovine population in Bulgaria by using various ELISA tests for antibody detection and diff erent methods for proving viral antigen. Commercial diagnostic ELISA kits were used for screening as well as for confi rmation of the antibodies. Serological examination encompassed 2973 serum samples from bovine population in Bulgaria (cattle, calves and bulls) originating from 21 country regions. Total 408 cattle and 150 bulls’ samples originating from artifi cial insemination centers (AIC), commune and private farms from 21 country regions were subjected to virology testing. Identifi cation of isolated viruses was performed using conventional and nested PCRs for BHV 1 gB gene detection. Th e percentage of positively reacting cattle sera were signifi cantly (p < 0.001) higher (38.3%) then that of bulls (29.3%) after ELISA testing of 2240 cattle serum samples and 733 bulls’ sera. Seven strains with BHV 1 characteristics were isolated from Dobrich, Lovech – 2 strains, Plovdiv, Targovishte, Pazardjik and Svishtov regions after cultivation 408 samples from cattle and calves (buff y coats, nasal, eyes, vaginal swabs, tissues and organs) on cell cultures. Th ree BHV 1 strains were isolated from Sliven, Shumen and Blagoevgrad regions aft er examining 150 bulls’ samples (nasal, eyes, preputial, semen samples and buff y coats). Confi rmation of virus isolation was accomplished using PCR gB gene based primers (amplified 478 bp) Th e amplicons from 3 bulls isolated strains with the same size and location as the referent Oxford strain were observed. After performance of nested PCR for gB gen, products with size of 385 bp were obtained in all samples as well as in the referent Oxford strain.

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“…Treatment of semen using the hyperimmune egg yolk approach is an alternative method to prevent the spread of BHV-1 from infected semen, in contrast to methods using trypsin (Bielanski et al, 1988;Bielanski, 1989;Guerin et al, 1993) or normal antibody (Schultz et al, 1988). The trypsin is active against the virus, but the enzyme (Silva et al, 1994;Silva, 1995) affects the sperm cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in Semen Using a Hyperimmune Egg Yolk Semen Extender

Silva¹,

Solana²,

Castro³

2000

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Hyperimmune egg yolk semen extender was used for the inactivation of bovine herpesvirus (BHV-1) in experimentally infected bovine semen. As much as 5 x 10(4) TCID50/ml of virus was inactivated in semen as assayed by tissue culture. Moreover the hyperimmune egg yolk semen extender did not produce any adverse effect on the quality of the semen after being frozen/thawed in comparison with normal egg yolk semen extender (P > 0.05). The hyperimmune egg yolk semen extender is considered an important tool for containing the spread of BHV-1 from infected semen.

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Distribution of BHV1 in fractions of semen from a naturally infected bull

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Infection in Calves with Maternal Antibodies on Immune Response and Virus Latency

Effects of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Infection in Calves with Maternal Antibodies on Immune Response and Virus Latency

Distribution of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in Cattle Population and Bulls From Centers for Artificial Insemination and Private Farms in Bulgaria

Inactivation of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in Semen Using a Hyperimmune Egg Yolk Semen Extender

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