Distribution of blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension in Tehran adult population: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), 1999–2000

Azizi, Fereidoun; Ghanbarian, Arash; Madjid, Mohammad; Rahmani, Maziar

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001399

Cited by 79 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Blood pressure was measured twice after the participants sat for 15 min (26). Additional covariate information regarding age, smoking habits (27), physical activity (28), medical history, and current use of medication (29) was obtained using validated questionnaires completed during the screening and every month as reported earlier.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Eating Plan on Features of the Metabolic Syndrome

Mirmiran²,

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE -To determine the effects of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan on metabolic risks in patients with the metabolic syndrome.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -This was a randomized controlled outpatient trial conducted on 116 patients with the metabolic syndrome. Three diets were prescribed for 6 months: a control diet, a weight-reducing diet emphasizing healthy food choices, and the DASH diet with reduced calories and increased consumption of fruit, vegetables, low-fat dairy, and whole grains and lower in saturated fat, total fat, and cholesterol and restricted to 2,400 mg Na. The main outcome measures were the components of the metabolic syndrome.RESULTS -Relative to the control diet, the DASH diet resulted in higher HDL cholesterol (7 and 10 mg/dl), lower triglycerides (Ϫ18 and Ϫ14 mg/dl), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (Ϫ12 and Ϫ11 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (Ϫ6 and Ϫ7 mmHg), weight (Ϫ16 and Ϫ14 kg), fasting blood glucose (FBG) (Ϫ15 and Ϫ8 mg/dl), and weight (Ϫ16 and Ϫ15 kg), among men and women, respectively (all P Ͻ 0.001). The net reduction in triglycerides (Ϫ17 and Ϫ18 mg/dl), SBP (Ϫ11 and Ϫ11 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (Ϫ5 and Ϫ6 mmHg), and FBG (Ϫ4 and Ϫ6 mg/dl), weight (Ϫ16 and Ϫ15 kg), and increase in HDL (5 and 10 mg/dl) among men and women, respectively, was higher in the DASH group (all P Ͻ 0.05). The weight-reducing diet resulted in significant change in triglycerides (Ϫ13 and Ϫ10 mg/dl), SBP (Ϫ6 and Ϫ6 mmHg), and weight (Ϫ13 and Ϫ12 kg) among men and women, respectively (all P Ͻ 0.05).CONCLUSIONS -The DASH diet can likely reduce most of the metabolic risks in both men and women; the related mechanisms need further study. Diabetes Care 28:2823-2831, 2005T he metabolic syndrome is a clustering of metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular risk factors that occur in individuals with impaired insulin sensitivity (1,2). Existing data suggest that the incidence is rising at an alarming rate (3,4). In Tehran, Iran, it has been estimated to occur in Ͼ30% of adults (5), a prevalence significantly higher than that of most developed countries (6). In choosing a therapeutic diet for metabolic syndrome, all the abnormalities of the metabolic syndrome should be taken into account (7,8). Most patients with the metabolic syndrome are overweight or obese, especially upper-body obese (9,10). Therefore, basic weight reduction should be recommended (11). Weight reduction usually improves insulin sensitivity and all the metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities linked with insulin resistance as well (12). Improvement of insulin sensitivity due to weight reduction is reported before (13). Although weight reduction is an effective way for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome, intervention studies are still needed to determine a specific therapeutic diet for the metabolic syndrome (7). Esposito et al. (14) reported that a Mediterraneanstyle diet might be effective in reducing the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. Riccardi and Rivellese (7) introduced a diet with high amounts...

show abstract

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Eating Plan on Features of the Metabolic Syndrome

Mirmiran²,

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Inter-and intra-assay coefficients of variation were 2 and 0.5% for TC and 1.6 and 0.6% for TG, respectively. Blood pressure was measured twice after the participants sat for 15 min (Azizi et al, 2002b). Additional covariate information regarding age, smoking habits (Azizi et al, 2003c), physical activity (Mirmiran et al, 2003), medical history and current use of medications (Azizi et al, 2003c) was obtained using validated questionnaires, as reported earlier.…”

Section: Assessment Of Other Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-grain consumption and the metabolic syndrome: a favorable association in Tehranian adults

2004

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Although dietary guidelines recommend increased intake of grain products to prevent chronic diseases, epidemiologic data regarding whole-grain intake association with metabolic syndrome are sparse. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between whole-grain intakes, metabolic syndrome and metabolic risk factors in Tehranian adults. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting: Tehran, the capital of Iran. Subjects: A representative sample of 827 subjects (357 men and 470 women) aged 18-74 y. Methods: Usual dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The procedure developed by Jacobs et al was used to classify grain products into whole and refined grains. Weight and height were measured according to standard protocols and body mass index was calculated. Fasting blood samples were taken for biochemical measurements and blood pressure was assessed according to standard methods. Hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholestrolemia, high LDL, low HDL and metabolic syndrome were defined according to ATP III guidelines and hypertension based on JNC VI. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose level of Z126 mg/dl or 2-h postchallenge blood glucose level of Z200 mg/dl. Subjects were categorized based on quartile cut-points of whole-and refined-grain intake. Results: Mean (7s.d.) consumptions of whole and refined grains were 93729 and 201757 g/day, respectively. Both men and women reported higher intakes of refined grain than of whole grains. Compared with subjects in the lower quartile category, those in the upper category of whole-grain intake had lower prevalence of metabolic risk factors. Conversely, those in the higher category of refined-grain intake had higher prevalence of metabolic risk factors, except for diabetes. After controlling for confounders, a significantly decreasing trend was observed for the risk of having hypertriglyceridemia (odds ratios among quartiles: 1.00, 0.89, 0.74, 0.61, respectively), hypertension (1.00, 0.99, 0.93, 0.84) and metabolic syndrome (1.00, 0.84, 0.76, 0.68). Higher consumption of refined grains was associated with higher odds of having hypercholestrolemia

show abstract

“…33 Blood pressure was measured twice after the participants sat for 15 min. 2 Additional covariate information regarding age, smoking habits, 33 physical activity, 34 medical history and current use of medications 3 was obtained using validated questionnaires, as reported earlier.…”

Section: Assessment Of Other Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The risk of cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of which continues to rise in Iran, 2 increases with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. 1 A recent study showed that over 30% of Tehranian adults have metabolic syndrome, 3 which is higher than that reported from USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary diversity score is favorably associated with the metabolic syndrome in Tehranian adults

2005

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: Assessing overall diet instead of the effects of a single nutrient on diet-disease relations may be more informative. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between dietary diversity score (DDS) and metabolic syndrome in Tehranian adults. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: A representative sample of 581 healthy subjects aged over 18 y selected randomly from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. MEASUREMENTS: Usual dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. DDS was calculated based on scoring to the five-food group. The DDS range was 0-10. Weight and height were measured according to standard protocols and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Fasting blood samples were taken for biochemical measurements and blood pressure was assessed according to standard methods. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to ATPIII. Subjects were categorized based on quartile cut-points of DDS. RESULTS: Means (7s.d.) of age and BMI were 37712 y and 25.774.3 kg/m 2 , respectively. Mean (7s.d.) of DDS was 6.1571.02. The probability of having metabolic syndrome decreased with quartiles of DDS (odds ratios among quartiles: 1.00, 0.82, 0.76, 0.70, Po0.05, and odds ratios among quartiles after further adjustment for BMI: 1.00, 0.88, 0.80, 0.77, Po0.05). After controlling for confounders, a significantly decreasing trend was observed for the risk of having high blood pressure, impaired glucose homeostasis and high triglyceride levels. CONCLUSION: DDS had inverse association with metabolic syndrome and some of its features in this cross-sectional study. A higher dietary diversity, therefore, might be associated with lower possibility of having some metabolic disorders.

show abstract

Distribution of blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension in Tehran adult population: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), 1999–2000

Cited by 79 publications

References 19 publications

Beneficial Effects of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Eating Plan on Features of the Metabolic Syndrome

Beneficial Effects of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Eating Plan on Features of the Metabolic Syndrome

Whole-grain consumption and the metabolic syndrome: a favorable association in Tehranian adults

Dietary diversity score is favorably associated with the metabolic syndrome in Tehranian adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About