Distribution of bombesin, somatostatin, substance-P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in feline and porcine skin

O’Shaughnessy, Denis; McGregor, G.P.; Ghatei, M.A.; Blank, M.A.; Springall,; Gu, Jiang; Polak, J.M.; Bloom, S.R.

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(83)90318-1

Cited by 47 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Variations in concentration of the different neuropeptides have been described in skin of pigs, cats (O'Shaughnessy et al, 1983) and humans (Ramieri et al, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the neuropeptides present in the skin of humans and laboratory animals, CGRP, SP, VIP, and neuropeptide Y are reported to be the most abundant (Bjorklund et al, 1986;Tainio et al, 1986;Wallengren et al, 1987;Alvarez et al, 1988a;Dalsgaard et al, 1989a;Karanth et al, 1991). Variations in concentration of the different neuropeptides have been described in skin of pigs, cats (O'Shaughnessy et al, 1983) and humans (Ramieri et al, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innervation of cutaneous structures in the mouse hind paw: A confocal microscopy immunohistochemical study

Navarro

Verdú

Wendelschafer‐Crabb

et al. 1995

J of Neuroscience Research

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The normal innervation of structures in mouse foot pads was investigated with immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Nerves were visualized by incubating Zamboni fixed, thick, frozen sections with antibodies to protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and protein zero. The antibodies were localized using cyanine 3.18 labeled anti-rabbit gamma globulin. PGP 9.5 immunolocalization showed dense nerve bundles at the base of the foot pad with branches to larger blood vessels, sweat glands and epidermis. Sweat gland tubules were surrounded by numerous sudomotor axons; single fibers accompanied the sweat duct toward the skin's surface. Nerve bundles containing myelinated and unmyelinated axons ran through and around the centrally located sweat gland cluster to end in free nerve endings and Meissner's-like corpuscles at the apex of the foot pad. Other bundles running parallel to the epidermis gave arcuate branches that supplied epidermis on the sides of the pads with a rich nerve network, principally with free nerve endings that often reached the most superficial cell layers of epidermis. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive (-ir) nerves were distributed to dermis and epidermis in lower density than PGP 9.5-ir fibers. Substance P-ir fibers were less numerous; most terminated as free endings in deeper layers of epidermis. Vasoactive intestinal peptide-ir nerves almost exclusively innervated sweat glands, ducts and blood vessels, but not epidermis. The mouse hind paw has potential to serve as a model system for investigations of functional and morphological changes that affect peripheral and autonomic nerves under diverse experimental conditions.

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“…Variations in concentration of the different neuropeptides have been described in skin of pigs, cats (O'Shaughnessy et al, 1983) and humans (Ramieri et al, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innervation of cutaneous structures in the mouse hind paw: A confocal microscopy immunohistochemical study

Navarro

Verdú

Wendelschafer‐Crabb

et al. 1995

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…Increasing evidence suggests that the secretory function of these cells may be regulated by the nervous system (Goetzl et al, 1985;Foreman, 1987). Mammalian skin contains a variety of neuropeptides including substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), somatostatin, neurotensin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (Hartschuh et al, 1983;O'Shaughnessy et al, 1983;Brain et al, 1986) all of which are potential mast cell activators. Each of these peptides is capable of inducing a weal and flare reaction when injected intradermally into human skin Anand et al, 1983;Piotrowski & Foreman, 1986) and it has been I Author for correspondence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of neuropeptide‐induced histamine release from human dispersed skin mast cells

Lowman

Benyon

Church

1988

British J Pharmacology

199

103

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1 Human skin mast cells, unlike other human mast cells so far studied, released histamine in a concentration-related manner in response to substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin (1 yM to 30 yM). In contrast, eledoisin, physalaemin, neurokinin A, neurokinin B, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neurotensin, bradykinin and Lys-bradykinin induced negligible histamine release. 2 The low histamine releasing activity of physalaemin, eledoisin, neurokinin A and neurokinin B relative to substance P suggests that the human skin mast cell activation site is distinct from the tachykinin NK-1, NK-2 or NK-3 receptors described in smooth muscle.3 The relative potencies of substance P and its fragments SP2 11, SP3 11, SP4_11 and SP1,4 in releasing histamine from human skin mast cells suggests that both the basic N-terminal amino acids and the lipophilic C-terminal portion of substance P are essential for activity. 4 Peptide-induced histamine release, like that induced by compound 48/80, morphine and poly-Llysine, is rapid, reaching completion in 10-20s, is largely independent of extracellular calcium but requires intact glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. The substance P analogue, [D-Pro4,D-Trp7'9 "0] SP411 (SPA), not only reduced substance Pinduced histamine release in a concentration-related manner but also inhibited that induced by VIP, somatostatin, compound 48/80, poly-L-lysine and morphine but not anti-IgE. 6 The similar characteristics of histamine release induced by substance P. VIP, somatostatin, compound 48/80, poly-L-lysine and morphine suggest that they share a common pathway of activationsecretion coupling distinct from that of IgE-dependent activation. Furthermore, the ability of human skin mast cells to respond to basic non-immunological stimuli including neuropeptides may reflect a specialised function for these cells.

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“…In view of the demonstration of somatostatin, SP, VIP and bombesin in significant quantities in mammalian skin, and of SP-and VIP-containing nerves surrounding cutaneous blood vessels (O'Shaughnessy, McGregor, Ghatei, Blank, Springall, Gu, Polak & Bloom, 1983), this study compared their ability to produce wheal and flare reactions in human skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical capsaicin pretreatment inhibits axon reflex vasodilatation caused by somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in human skin

Anand

Bloom

McGregor

1983

British J Pharmacology

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Wheal and flare reactions are described following intradermal injections of somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P and histamine in normal human forearm skin. Bombesin failed to produce a significant wheal and flare. Pretreatment of skin with capsaicin in all cases dramatically inhibited the flare but not the wheal. This result is in accord with the hypothesis that capsaicin blocks the effector side of the axon reflex, perhaps by depleting nerve terminals of vasodilatory peptide(s).

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Distribution of bombesin, somatostatin, substance-P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in feline and porcine skin

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Innervation of cutaneous structures in the mouse hind paw: A confocal microscopy immunohistochemical study

Innervation of cutaneous structures in the mouse hind paw: A confocal microscopy immunohistochemical study

Characterization of neuropeptide‐induced histamine release from human dispersed skin mast cells

Topical capsaicin pretreatment inhibits axon reflex vasodilatation caused by somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in human skin

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