Distribution of Cesium in the Organism and Its Effect on the Nucleotide Metabolism Enzymes

Abstract

After the intraperitoneal administration of 0.5 mEq 134CsCl • kg^-1 to mice, the maximum cesium level in the kidneys, heart, lungs and liver was found in the first hour (T(1/2) 13 h), in the muscles after 8 h (T(1/2) 180 h), in the brain after 24 h (T(1/2) 140 h) and in the blood after 24 h. Maximum cesium levels were found in the muscles. Rats excreted about 17% of the administered dose in 24 h and 38% in 144 h. Most of the cesium (about 90%) is excreted in the urine. In rats, equalization of the plasma and RBC cesium levels takes longer than 6 h. Cesium transport is not entirely dependent on the ATPase system, as shown by the results given by the crude mitochondrial fraction with a reduced potassium content. Among the various univalent ions studied, the effect of cesium on creatine kinase, 5'-nucleotidase, phosphodiesterase and deaminase activity was the smallest.

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

“…Data for potassium and rubidium were extrapolated to caesium by applying modifying factors as indicated by data on discrimination between these elements by tissues (Leggett et al., 2003). Initial selections of extraction fractions were modified in some cases after testing the model against reported caesium distributions in the early minutes or hours after administration to laboratory animals (Carr, 1966; Love et al., 1968; Stather, 1970; Yano et al., 1970; Moskalev, 1972; Poe, 1972; Nishiyama et al., 1975; Krulik et al., 1980; Gregus and Klaasen, 1986) or human subjects (Rosoff et al., 1963; Nishiyama et al., 1975). For example, an initially selected extraction fraction of 0.003 for brain was reduced to 0.002 for improved agreement with observations of the time-dependent increase of the caesium content of the brain following acute intake.…”

Uptake of cesium ions by human erythrocytes and perfused rat heart: a cesium-133 NMR study

“…From a toxicological standpoint, the facile assimilation of Cs+ by plants and animals, coupled with its efficient transfer through the food chain to humans and deposition in muscle and other soft tissue, makes an understanding of Cs+ biochemistry of central importance in the development of strategies designed to increase the excretion and decrease the retention of radioactive Cs+ (Sastry & Spalding, 1968). Equally important is an assessment of the distribution of Cs+ in organisms administered doses likely to be used for therapeutic purposes (Krulik et al, 1980).…”