Distribution of common modern dinoflagellate cyst taxa in surface sediments of the Northern Hemisphere in relation to environmental parameters: The new n=1968 database

Vernal, Anne de; Radi, Taoufik; Zaragosi, Sébastien; Nieuwenhove, Nicolas Van; Rochon, André; Allan, Estelle; Schepper, Stijn De; Eynaud, Frédérique; Head, Martin J.; Limoges, Audrey; Londeix, Laurent; Marret, Fabienne; Matthießen, Jens; Penaud, Aurélie; Pospelova, Vera; Price, Andrea; Richerol, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.101796

Cited by 88 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…In some samples from cores located southeast of the Lomonosov Ridge (PS87/070–3, PS87/079–3, and PS87/099–4), however, dinocysts occur in relatively high numbers with concentrations on the order of 10 2 –10 3 cysts/g. In the samples with concentrations >10 2 cysts/g, we tentatively reconstructed sea-ice cover with the modern analog technique ( 40 , 80 ) applied to the n = 1,968 dinocyst database, which includes a large number of reference data points from Arctic and subarctic sea-ice environments ( 81 ). The “modern” sea-ice data consist in monthly averages from 1955 to 2012 as compiled from the National Snow and Ice Data Center ( 82 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless, uncertainties related to taphonomical processes, the sea-ice cover estimates from dinocyst assemblages yield values corresponding to close modern analogs ( Dataset S5 ). Dinocyst assemblages indicate productivity in the dense sea-ice cover environment with short-lived seasonal opening of sea ice, whereas samples with very low dinocyst concentrations likely relate to extremely low pelagic productivity and perennial sea ice ( 40 , 81 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural variability of the Arctic Ocean sea ice during the present interglacial

Vernal

Hillaire‐Marcel

Duc

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The impact of the ongoing anthropogenic warming on the Arctic Ocean sea ice is ascertained and closely monitored. However, its long-term fate remains an open question as its natural variability on centennial to millennial timescales is not well documented. Here, we use marine sedimentary records to reconstruct Arctic sea-ice fluctuations. Cores collected along the Lomonosov Ridge that extends across the Arctic Ocean from northern Greenland to the Laptev Sea were radiocarbon dated and analyzed for their micropaleontological and palynological contents, both bearing information on the past sea-ice cover. Results demonstrate that multiyear pack ice remained a robust feature of the western and central Lomonosov Ridge and that perennial sea ice remained present throughout the present interglacial, even during the climate optimum of the middle Holocene that globally peaked ∼6,500 y ago. In contradistinction, the southeastern Lomonosov Ridge area experienced seasonally sea-ice-free conditions, at least, sporadically, until about 4,000 y ago. They were marked by relatively high phytoplanktonic productivity and organic carbon fluxes at the seafloor resulting in low biogenic carbonate preservation. These results point to contrasted west–east surface ocean conditions in the Arctic Ocean, not unlike those of the Arctic dipole linked to the recent loss of Arctic sea ice. Hence, our data suggest that seasonally ice-free conditions in the southeastern Arctic Ocean with a dominant Arctic dipolar pattern, may be a recurrent feature under “warm world” climate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural variability of the Arctic Ocean sea ice during the present interglacial

Vernal

Hillaire‐Marcel

Duc

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Multivariate analyses performed on the most recent update of the dinoflagellate cyst database (de Vernal et al, 2020) indicate that the distribution of dinoflagellate cyst assemblages is explained by several environmental parameters. Among these is the mean annual sea ice concentration or the seasonal sea ice cover extent.…”

Section: 1029/2019gc008629mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarker Distributions in (Sub)‐Arctic Surface Sediments and Their Potential for Sea Ice Reconstructions

Kolling

Stein

Fahl

et al. 2020

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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To evaluate the present sea ice changes in a longer-term perspective, the knowledge of sea ice variability on preindustrial and geological time scales is essential. For the interpretation of proxy reconstructions it is necessary to understand the recent signals of different sea ice proxies from various regions. We present 260 new sediment surface samples collected in the (sub-)Arctic Oceans that were analyzed for specific sea ice (IP 25) and open-water phytoplankton biomarkers (brassicasterol, dinosterol, and highly branched isoprenoid [HBI] III). This new biomarker data set was combined with 615 previously published biomarker surface samples into a pan-Arctic database. The resulting pan-Arctic biomarker and sea ice index (PIP 25) database shows a spatial distribution correlating well with the diverse modern sea ice concentrations. We find correlations of P B IP 25 , P D IP 25 , and P III IP 25 with spring and autumn sea ice concentrations. Similar correlations with modern sea ice concentrations are observed in Baffin Bay. However, the correlations of the PIP 25 indices with modern sea ice concentrations differ in Fram Strait from those of the (sub-)Arctic data set, which is likely caused by region-specific differences in sea ice variability, nutrient availability, and other environmental conditions. The extended (sea ice) biomarker database strengthens the validity of biomarker sea ice reconstructions in different Arctic regions and shows how different sea ice proxies combined may resolve specific seasonal sea ice conditions.

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“…Among data from marine sediment cores based on dinocysts, 23 records were re‐calibrated thus representing an update of the previously published articles, following the creation of a new modern analogue dinocyst dataset (de Vernal et al , ) since the original publication (de Vernal et al , ). The records based on the other indicators were not re‐calibrated.…”

Section: Data Production Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A database of Holocene temperature records for north‐eastern North America and the north‐western Atlantic

Bellen

Vernal

et al. 2020

Geoscience Data Journal

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Centennial-to-millennial temperature records of the past provide a context for the interpretation of current and future changes in climate. Quaternary climates have been relatively well studied in north-east North America and the adjacent Atlantic Ocean over the last decades, and new research methods have been developed to improve reconstructions. We present newly inferred reconstructions of sea surface temperature for the north-western Atlantic region, together with a compilation of published temperature records. The database thus comprises a total of 86 records from both marine and terrestrial sites, including lakes, peatlands, ice and tree rings, each covering at least part of the Holocene. For each record, we present details on seasons covered, chronologies and information on radiocarbon dates and analytical time steps. The 86 records contain a total of 154 reconstructions of temperature and temperature-related variables. Main proxies include pollen and dinocysts, while summer was the season for which the highest number of reconstructions were available. Many records covered most of the Holocene, but many dinocyst records did not extend to the surface, due to sediment mixing, and dendroclimate records were limited to the last millennium. The database allows for the exploration of linkages between sea ice and climate and may be used in conjunction with other palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironmental records, such as wildfire records and peatland dynamics. This inventory may also aid the identification of gaps in the geographic distribution of past temperature records thus guiding future research efforts. K E Y W O R D SCanada, climate, dinocyst, palaeo, proxy | 39 van BELLEn Et aL.

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Distribution of common modern dinoflagellate cyst taxa in surface sediments of the Northern Hemisphere in relation to environmental parameters: The new n=1968 database

Cited by 88 publications

References 84 publications

Natural variability of the Arctic Ocean sea ice during the present interglacial

Natural variability of the Arctic Ocean sea ice during the present interglacial

Biomarker Distributions in (Sub)‐Arctic Surface Sediments and Their Potential for Sea Ice Reconstructions

A database of Holocene temperature records for north‐eastern North America and the north‐western Atlantic

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