Distribution of dust‐mite allergens (Lep d 2, Der p 1, Der f 1, Der 2) in pig‐farming environments and sensitization of the respective farmers

Radon, Katja; Schottky, A.; Garz, S; Koops, F; Szadkowski, D; Nowak, Dennis; Luczynska, Christina

doi:10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00461.x

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Recent studies have shown a lower prevalence for the development of asthma and allergies among farmers [16,17] and children living on farms [18,19]. Thus, one may speculate that living on farms might have a protective effect for the development of allergies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory symptoms in European animal farmers

et al. 2001

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Farmers are known to be at high risk for the development of occupational airway disease. The aim of this European study was to determine which airway symptoms predominate in different types of animal farmers (cattle, pigs, poultry, sheep) and to compare the prevalence of symptoms to the general population.A total of 6,156 randomly selected animal farmers in Denmark, Germany (SchleswigHolstein, Niedersachsen), Switzerland, and Spain completed a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and farming characteristics in 1995±1997. The prevalence of general respiratory symptoms was compared to the results of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) obtained in the same regions.Pig farmers were at highest risk for the development of work-related symptoms. A signi®cant dose-response relationship between daily hours worked inside animal houses and symptoms was established for pig and poultry farmers. Additionally, self-reported nasal allergies (odds ratio (95% con®dence interval): 3.92 (3.26±4.71)) and nasal irritation during work (3.98 (3.35±4.73)) were shown to be associated with the development of chronic phlegm. The prevalence of wheezing, shortness of breath, asthma and nasal allergies was sign®cantly lower among all farmers in the age group 20±44 yrs than among the general population. However, the prevalence of usually bringing up phlegm in winter among farmers was signi®cantly higher than in the general population (9.4 (8.3±10.5%) versus 7.5 (6.5±8.5%)).Individual factors have been shown to be related to the prevalence of chronic phlegm among farmers. Additionally, this study could support the hypothesis that farming could be negatively related to allergic diseases. Eur Respir J 2001; 17: 747±754.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory symptoms in European animal farmers

et al. 2001

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“…The sensitization to storage mites prevails in many studies in which the participants are farmers or mainly farmers [25, 33, 34]. A study from Germany conducted among pig farmers revealed that median concentrations of the D. pteronyssinus-1 allergen were 50-fold higher in farmer’s beds than in the beds of an urban control group, and L. destructor-2 allergen concentrations tended to be higher in farmer’s beds compared to the urban control group [35]. However, comparing the prevalence of allergic sensitization between farmers and the urban population, no difference was found [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study from Germany conducted among pig farmers revealed that median concentrations of the D. pteronyssinus-1 allergen were 50-fold higher in farmer’s beds than in the beds of an urban control group, and L. destructor-2 allergen concentrations tended to be higher in farmer’s beds compared to the urban control group [35]. However, comparing the prevalence of allergic sensitization between farmers and the urban population, no difference was found [35]. In our study, the participation was not preconditioned by any occupational setting like farming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergic Sensitization to Common Airborne Allergens among Adults in Estonia

Raukas-Kivioja

Raukas

Meren

et al. 2006

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Allergies and asthma exhibit a growing health problem in the world. Sparse data are available about the prevalence of allergic sensitization in Estonia and Eastern Europe as well. We studied the prevalence of allergic sensitization, the associations between respiratory symptoms and allergic sensitization, and the influence of age, gender, area of residence, number of siblings and other demographic attributes on allergic sensitization in the population aged 17–69 years. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 1,346 randomly selected participants distributed in 3 geographically and culturally distinct areas of Estonia. Sensitization to 15 aeroallergens was assessed by skin prick tests. The study also included a structured interview. Results: The total prevalence of allergic sensitization was 33.0%. When estimated in patients aged 20–44 years, the prevalence was 38.5%. The most common sensitizer was cockroach followed by storage mites, while sensitization to cat, dog or pollen (common sensitizers in Scandinavian countries) was low. Allergic sensitization was significantly more common in urban and suburban compared with rural areas. Storage mites were the most common sensitizers in rural areas. Living in urban or suburban areas before the age of 5 significantly increased the risk for positive skin prick tests to several allergens. Conclusions: A higher prevalence of allergic sensitization than previously believed was found. Cockroach and storage mite allergens are suggested to be included in the routine investigation panel in Estonia.

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“…Animal facilities, including experimental laboratories, zoo cages, and pig and poultry farms studied in Germany, Poland, Finland, and Croatia showed generally low exposure to pyroglyphid mites (40)(41)(42), save for a few poultry farm samples exceeding the sensitisation threshold (43).…”

Section: Exposure To House Dust Mites In Public/occupational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyroglyphid Mites as a Source of Work-Related Allergens

Macan¹,

Kanceljak-Macan²,

Milković-Kraus³

2012

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Pyroglyphid mites are primarily associated with allergen exposure at home; hence the name house dust mites. However, we have found numerous studies reporting pyroglyhid mite levels in public and occupational settings. This review presents the fi ndings of house dust mite allergens (family Pyroglyphidae, species Dermatophagoides) as potential work-related risk factors and proposes occupations at risk of house dust mite-related diseases. Pyroglyphid mites or their allergens are found in various workplaces, but clinically relevant exposures have been observed in hotels, cinemas, schools, day-care centres, libraries, public transportation (buses, trains, taxies, and airplanes), fi shing-boats, submarines, poultry farms, and churches. Here we propose a classifi cation of occupational risk as low (occasional exposure to mite allergen levels up to 2 μg g -1 ), moderate (exposure between 2 μg g -1 and 10 μg g -1 ), and high (exposure >10 μg g -1 ). The classifi cation of risk should include factors relevant for indoor mite population (climate, building characteristics, and cleaning schedule). To avoid development or aggravation of allergies associated with exposure to house dust mites at work, occupational physicians should assess exposure risk at work, propose proper protection, provide vocational guidance to persons at risk and conduct pre-employment and periodic examinations to diagnose new allergy cases. Protection at work should aim to control dust mite levels at work. Measures may include proper interior design and regular cleaning and building maintenance.

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Distribution of dust‐mite allergens (Lep d 2, Der p 1, Der f 1, Der 2) in pig‐farming environments and sensitization of the respective farmers

Abstract: Allergen exposure at the workplace is strongly related to the concentration of allergens in farmers' beds. Exposure to domestic mite allergens should be taken into account when assessing occupational exposure to allergens and the respiratory health of farmers.

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

Respiratory symptoms in European animal farmers

Respiratory symptoms in European animal farmers

Allergic Sensitization to Common Airborne Allergens among Adults in Estonia

Pyroglyphid Mites as a Source of Work-Related Allergens

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