Distribution of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor messenger RNA expression in human postmortem hippocampus

Seckl, Jonathan R.; Dickson, Karen; Yates, Celia M.; Fink, George

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)91612-5

Cited by 128 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This is of particular importance if the provocative study of Sánchez and coworkers (2000) that reported a relative absence of GR in the primate hippocampus is corroborated. Based on measurements of GR and MR mRNA, Seckl et al (1991) showed that in human hippocampus both receptors are highly expressed, but also confirmed that differences between species exist regarding the subfield distribution of GR and MR.…”

Section: Functional Impairment Of Central Corticosteroid Receptors CLmentioning

confidence: 64%

The Corticosteroid Receptor Hypothesis of Depression

Holsboer

2000

Neuropsychopharmacology

1,994

1,228

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Clinical EvidenceUntil now, the serendipitous discovery of antidepressants in the 1950s has profoundly inspired hypotheses of the pathogenesis of depression. The well-known pharmacological effects of antidepressants on presynaptic uptake transporters and degradating enzymes (i.e., MAO) of serotonin and norepinephrine has focused research on causality and treatment of depression on the metabolism of functional biogenic amines and the capacity of their respective receptors to alter intracellular signaling pathways that ultimately induce changes in gene activity. Elevated circulating levels of stress hormones among depressives were recognized even before antidepressants were discovered, but these changes were seen as epiphenomena, reflecting the stressful experience of depression, although M. Bleuler (1919) already demonstrated that hormones have diverse psychotropic effects and suggested hormone treatments as potential antidepressants. A vast amount of evidence has accumulated, that reject the view that altered stress hormone secretions in depression are epiphenomenal. During the past decade, several research groups formulated a hypothesis relating aberrant stress hormone dysregulation to causality of depression and submitted that antidepressants may act through normalisation of these HPA changes (

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Section: Functional Impairment Of Central Corticosteroid Receptors CLmentioning

confidence: 64%

The Corticosteroid Receptor Hypothesis of Depression

Holsboer

2000

Neuropsychopharmacology

1,994

1,228

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, it could also be argued that the reduced cortisol response to the intelligence testing in our data represents a maladaptive response to an achievement situation (Erickson et al, 2003). For example it has been previously shown that cortisol elevation could benefit performances in areas like perception (Seckl et al, 1991;McGaugh, 2000;Buchanan and Lovallo, 2001), rewardrelated learning, or psychomotor activity (Piazza and Le Loal, 1996). The present study focused on an adolescent sample in order to increase the knowledge base on stress responses in this age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The implicit affiliation motive moderates cortisol responses to acute psychosocial stress in high school students

Wegner

Schüler

Budde

2014

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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SummaryIt has been previously shown that the implicit affiliation motive -the need to establish and maintain friendly relationships with others -leads to chronic health benefits. The underlying assumption for the present research was that the implicit affiliation motive also moderates the salivary cortisol response to acute psychological stress when some aspects of social evaluation and uncontrollability are involved. By contrast we did not expect similar effects in response to exercise as a physical stressor. Fifty-nine high school students aged M = 14.8 years were randomly assigned to a psychosocial stress (publishing the results of an intelligence test performed), a physical stress (exercise intensity of 65-75% of HR max ), and a control condition (normal school lesson) each lasting 15 min. Participants' affiliation motives were assessed using the Operant Motive Test and salivary cortisol samples were taken pre and post stressor. We found that the strength of the affiliation motive negatively predicted cortisol reactions to acute psychosocial but not to physical stress when compared to a control group. The results suggest that the affiliation motive buffers the effect of acute psychosocial stress on the HPA axis.

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“…Primate models have provided mixed results with regard to the density of GR in the nonhuman primate hippocampus (Patel et al, 2000;Sanchez, Young, Plotsky, & Insel, 2000). Human postmortem data suggest high density of GR in the dentate gyrus, CA3, and CA4 portions of the human hippocampus (Seckl, Dickson, Yates, & Fink, 1991). for the effects of cortisol on affect and memory may differ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute cortisol elevations cause heightened arousal ratings of objectively nonarousing stimuli.

Abercrombie

Kalin

Davidson

2005

Emotion

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To test the effects of cortisol on affective experience, the authors orally administered a placebo, 20 mg cortisol, or 40 mg cortisol to 85 men. Participants' affective responses to negative and neutral stimuli were measured. Self-reported affective state was also assessed. Participants in the 40-mg group (showing extreme cortisol elevations within the physiological range) rated neutral stimuli as more highly arousing than did participants in the placebo and 20-mg groups. Furthermore, within the 20-mg group, individuals with higher cortisol elevations made higher arousal ratings of neutral stimuli. However, cortisol was unrelated to self-reported affective state. Thus, findings indicate that acute cortisol elevations cause heightened arousal in response to objectively nonarousing stimuli, in the absence of effects on mood.

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Distribution of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor messenger RNA expression in human postmortem hippocampus

Cited by 128 publications

References 40 publications

The Corticosteroid Receptor Hypothesis of Depression

The Corticosteroid Receptor Hypothesis of Depression

The implicit affiliation motive moderates cortisol responses to acute psychosocial stress in high school students

Acute cortisol elevations cause heightened arousal ratings of objectively nonarousing stimuli.

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