Distribution of glycine in human spinal cord and selected regions of brain

Boehme, D; Fordice, M W; Marks, Neville; Vogel, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(73)90736-1

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Boehme et al (1973) measured the content of glycine in five areas of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar human spinal cord and found that the highest levels were in the lumbar ventral gray (see Table 6). Recently Boehme et al (1976) confirmed their earlier study of 1973 and reported that the content of glycine was highest in the gray matter of the lumbar segments.…”

Section: Distribution Of Glycine In Other Areas Of the Cns: Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Aspects of Transmission at Inhibitory Synapses: The Role of Glycine

Aprison

Daly

1978

Advances in Neurochemistry

126

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Section: Distribution Of Glycine In Other Areas Of the Cns: Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Aspects of Transmission at Inhibitory Synapses: The Role of Glycine

Aprison

Daly

1978

Advances in Neurochemistry

126

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“…The spinal ventral horn comprises pattern‐generating motor networks, mediates painful stimuli‐induced withdrawal reflexes and participates in the control of muscle tone (Talpalar et al ., ; Arber, ). In this region, the highest glycine levels within the CNS were detected (Aprison et al ., ; Boehme et al ., ; Patrick et al ., ). In the present work, propofol and 4‐bromopropofol were administered at sub‐anaesthetic concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

4‐bromopropofol decreases action potential generation in spinal neurons by inducing a glycine receptor‐mediated tonic conductance

Eckle

Grasshoff

Mirakaj

et al. 2014

British J Pharmacology

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEImpaired function of spinal strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors gives rise to chronic pain states and movement disorders. Therefore, increased activity of glycine receptors should help to treat such disorders. Although compounds targeting glycine receptors with a high selectivity are lacking, halogenated analogues of propofol have recently been considered as potential candidates. Therefore we asked whether 4-bromopropofol attenuated the excitability of spinal neurons by promoting glycine receptor-dependent inhibition. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHThe actions of sub-anaesthetic concentrations of propofol and 4-bromopropofol were investigated in spinal tissue cultures prepared from mice. Drug-induced alterations in action potential firing were monitored by extracellular multi-unit recordings. The effects on GABAA and glycine receptor-mediated inhibition were quantified by whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings. KEY RESULTSLow concentrations of 4-bromopropofol (50 nM) reduced action potential activity of ventral horn neurons by about 30%, compared with sham-treated slices. This effect was completely abolished by strychnine (1 μM). In voltage-clamped neurons, 4-bromopropofol activated glycine receptors, generating a tonic current of 65 ± 10 pA, while GABAA-and glycine receptor-mediated synaptic transmission remained unaffected. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSThe highest glycine levels in the CNS are found in the ventral horn of the spinal cord, a region mediating pain-induced motor reflexes and participating in the control of muscle tone. 4-Bromopropofol may serve as a starting point for the development of non-sedative, non-addictive, muscle relaxants and analgesics to be used to treat low back pain. AbbreviationsACSF, artificial CSF; DIC, days in culture; TTX, tetrodotoxin BJP British Journal of Pharmacology

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“…Regional distribution of amino acids has also been studied (Brancati et al, 1969;Shank and Aprison, 1970; Uhr and Sneddon, 1972; Boehme et al, 1973), but data on human foetal brain are very scanty. Recently, the developmental changes in free amino acid contents in the cerebral cortex of human foetal brain have been examined (Mandal et al, 1981).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Free Amino Acid Levels in Developing Human Foetal Brain Regions

Datta¹,

Mukherjee²

1983

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The levels of free amino acids were determined in human foetal brain regions during prenatal development. Variation in the distribution of amino acids and their rate of change in five segments of the CNS at different stages of ontogeny was observed. Striking developmental changes were found in the levels of aspartic acid in medulla-pons and spinal cord, glycine in the spinal cord, gamma-aminobutyric acid in the cerebral cortex, glutamic acid in the cerebral cortex, midbrain, and spinal cord, and taurine in the medulla-pons and spinal cord. At a late gestational period, glutamic acid was found most abundantly over all the brain regions, whereas the level of taurine was highest at an early gestational stage but not in spinal cord.

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Distribution of glycine in human spinal cord and selected regions of brain

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Biochemical Aspects of Transmission at Inhibitory Synapses: The Role of Glycine

Biochemical Aspects of Transmission at Inhibitory Synapses: The Role of Glycine

4‐bromopropofol decreases action potential generation in spinal neurons by inducing a glycine receptor‐mediated tonic conductance

Changes in Free Amino Acid Levels in Developing Human Foetal Brain Regions

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