Distribution of
            <i>Crenarchaeota</i>
            Representatives in Terrestrial Hot Springs of Russia and Iceland

Perevalova, Anna A.; Kolganova, T. V.; Birkeland, Nils-Kåre; Schleper, Christa; Bonch-Osmolovskaya, E. A.; Lebedinsky, Alexander V.

doi:10.1128/aem.00972-08

Cited by 53 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Recent molecular analyses indicate that A. sulfurireducens (Crenarchaeota, Acidilobales) is a numerically dominant organism in acidic, high-temperature YNP springs (11,33), and closely related strains of Acidilobales have been detected in acidic terrestrial geothermal environments around the world (13,18,34). Previous microscopic analyses of batch cultures of A. sulfurireducens growing in pH 3.0 medium containing ␣-S 8 as the sole TEA indicated that the majority of cells were planktonic and not associated with large elemental sulfur particles during sulfurdependent growth (35).…”

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Involvement of Intermediate Sulfur Species in Biological Reduction of Elemental Sulfur under Acidic, Hydrothermal Conditions

Boyd

Druschel

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The thermoacidophile and obligate elemental sulfur (S 8 0 )-reducing anaerobe Acidilobus sulfurireducens 18D70 does not associate with bulk solid-phase sulfur during S 8 0 -dependent batch culture growth. Cyclic voltammetry indicated the production of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) as well as polysulfides after 1 day of batch growth of the organism at pH 3.0 and 81°C. The production of polysulfide is likely due to the abiotic reaction between S 8 0 and the biologically produced H 2 S, as evinced by a rapid cessation of polysulfide formation when the growth temperature was decreased, inhibiting the biological production of sulfide. After an additional 5 days of growth, nanoparticulate S 8 0 was detected in the cultivation medium, a result of the hydrolysis of polysulfides in acidic medium. To examine whether soluble polysulfides and/or nanoparticulate S 8 0 can serve as terminal electron acceptors (TEA) supporting the growth of A. sulfurireducens, total sulfide concentration and cell density were monitored in batch cultures with S 8 0 provided as a solid phase in the medium or with S 8 0 sequestered in dialysis tubing. The rates of sulfide production in 7-day-old cultures with S 8 0 sequestered in dialysis tubing with pore sizes of 12 to 14 kDa and 6 to 8 kDa were 55% and 22%, respectively, of that of cultures with S 8 0 provided as a solid phase in the medium. These results indicate that the TEA existed in a range of particle sizes that affected its ability to diffuse through dialysis tubing of different pore sizes. Dynamic light scattering revealed that S 8 0 particles generated through polysulfide rapidly grew in size, a rate which was influenced by the pH of the medium and the presence of organic carbon. Thus, S 8 0 particles formed through abiological hydrolysis of polysulfide under acidic conditions appeared to serve as a growth-promoting TEA for A. sulfurireducens.

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Involvement of Intermediate Sulfur Species in Biological Reduction of Elemental Sulfur under Acidic, Hydrothermal Conditions

Boyd

Druschel

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…3a) and 1523vc, with short, rod-shaped cells, were found to affiliate with the genus Caldanaerobacter ( Table 2) and grew on proteins (␣-keratin, casein, and gelatin) and cellulose, respectively. Isolate 1507-2 possessed coccoid cells, grew on ␣-keratin or casein at 70°C and pH 6.0, and was found to be an archaeon of the Crenarchaeota phylum, representing a cluster of the so-called "unknown Desulfurococcales" (12,18). Isolates 1507-9 and 1521-1 had filamentous cells, occasionally forming clew-like structures ( Fig.…”

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“…DGGE with archaeal primers revealed the presence of noncultivated archaea in cellulose-degrading enrichments. Organisms present in cellulolytic enrichments 1521cmc and 1523rope represented a deep lineage in the Crenarchaeota phylum ("unknown Desulfurococcales"), to which many uncultured organisms from Yellowstone, Iceland, and Kamchatka hot springs were found to belong (10,12,18). The first cultivated organism of this group is "Fervidococcus fontis," isolated from Treshchinny Spring, Uzon Caldera (18).…”

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Biodiversity of Thermophilic Prokaryotes with Hydrolytic Activities in Hot Springs of Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka (Russia)

Kublanov

Perevalova

Slobodkina

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Samples of water from the hot springs of Uzon Caldera with temperatures from 68 to 87°C and pHs of 4.1 to 7.0, supplemented with proteinaceous (albumin, casein, or ␣-or ␤-keratin) or carbohydrate (cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, chitin, or agarose) biological polymers, were filled with thermal water and incubated at the same sites, with the contents of the tubes freely accessible to the hydrothermal fluid. As a result, several enrichment cultures growing in situ on different polymeric substrates were obtained. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments obtained after PCR with Bacteria-specific primers showed that the bacterial communities developing on carbohydrates included the genera Caldicellulosiruptor and Dictyoglomus and that those developing on proteins contained members of the Thermotogales order. DGGE analysis performed after PCR with Archaea-and Crenarchaeota-specific primers showed that archaea related to uncultured environmental clones, particularly those of the Crenarchaeota phylum, were present in both carbohydrate-and protein-degrading communities. Five isolates obtained from in situ enrichments or corresponding natural samples of water and sediments represented the bacterial genera Dictyoglomus and Caldanaerobacter as well as new archaea of the Crenarchaeota phylum. Thus, in situ enrichment and consequent isolation showed the diversity of thermophilic prokaryotes competing for biopolymers in microbial communities of terrestrial hot springs.

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“…Molecular studies have documented the presence of a significant number of cultured and uncultured Crenarchaeota in Uzon Caldera thermal pools. It was reported that Crenarchaeota inhabited not only high-temperature springs (Wemheuer et al, 2013;Chernyh et al, 2015), but also springs with moderate temperatures (Perevalova et al, 2008;Burgess et al, 2012;Menzel et al, 2015). At the time of writing, many thermophilic and hyperthermophilic crenarchaeotes have been isolated from hot springs of Uzon Caldera, including members of genera Desulfurococcus (Bonch- Osmolovskaya et al, 1988;Perevalova et al, 2005;Kublanov et al, 2009), Thermoproteus (Bonch- Osmolovskaya et al, 1990), Acidilobus (Prokofeva et al, 2000;2009), Vulcanisaeta (Prokofeva et al, 2005), Fervidicoccus (Perevalova et al, 2010) and Pyrobaculum (Slobodkina et al, 2015).…”

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Thermogladius calderae gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote from a Kamchatka hot spring

Kochetkova¹,

Kublanov²,

Toshchakov

et al. 2016

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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An obligately anaerobic, hyperthermophilic, organoheterotrophic archaeon, strain 1633 T , was isolated from a terrestrial hot spring of the Uzon Caldera (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia). Cells were regular cocci, 0.5-0.9 mm in diameter, with one flagellum. The temperature range for growth was 80-95 8C, with an optimum at 84 8C. Strain 1633 T grew on yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, cellulose and cellobiose. No growth was detected on other sugars or carbohydrates, organic acids, or under autotrophic conditions. The only detected growth products were CO 2 , acetate, and H 2 . The growth rate was stimulated by elemental sulfur, which was reduced to hydrogen sulfide. The in silico-calculated G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain 1633 T was 55.64 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed strain 1633 T together with the non-validly published 'Thermogladius shockii' strain WB1 in a separate genus-level cluster within the family Desulfurococcaceae. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) results revealed 75.72 % identity between strain 1633 T and 'Thermogladius shockii' WB1. Based on these results we propose a novel genus and species with the name Thermogladius calderae gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of the type species is 1633 T (5DSM 22663 T 5VKM B-2946 T ).The vast majority of cultured Crenarchaeota have been isolated from terrestrial geothermal environments (Huber & Stetter, 2006). Located in Far East of Russia, Kamchatka Peninsula is a volcanically active area with hundreds of associated volcanoes and areas with geothermal activity, among which Uzon Caldera is the largest. Molecular studies have documented the presence of a significant number of cultured and uncultured Crenarchaeota in Uzon Caldera thermal pools. It was reported that Crenarchaeota inhabited not only high-temperature springs (Wemheuer et al., 2013;Chernyh et al., 2015), but also springs with moderate temperatures (Perevalova et al., 2008;Burgess et al., 2012;Menzel et al., 2015). At the time of writing, many thermophilic and hyperthermophilic crenarchaeotes have been isolated from hot springs of Uzon Caldera, including members of genera Desulfurococcus Slobodkina et al., 2015). Here we report the isolation of strain 1633 T obtained from a hot spring of the Uzon Caldera, and found to be closely related to 'Thermogladius shockii', a species with a name that was effectively, but never validly, published (Osburn & Amend, 2011).Strain 1633 T was isolated from a sample of mixed water and black mud from a freshwater hot spring (548 30.0479 N 1598 56.8519 E) located in the West Thermal Field of Uzon Caldera. The in situ water temperature and Abbreviations: ANI, average nucleotide identity; GDGT, glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the complete genome sequence of Thermogladius calderae 1633 T is CP003531. The genome sequencing project of 'Thermogladius shockii' WB1 is available in the GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ databases under accession number PRJEB12686.

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Distribution of Crenarchaeota Representatives in Terrestrial Hot Springs of Russia and Iceland

Cited by 53 publications

References 48 publications

Involvement of Intermediate Sulfur Species in Biological Reduction of Elemental Sulfur under Acidic, Hydrothermal Conditions

Involvement of Intermediate Sulfur Species in Biological Reduction of Elemental Sulfur under Acidic, Hydrothermal Conditions

Biodiversity of Thermophilic Prokaryotes with Hydrolytic Activities in Hot Springs of Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka (Russia)

Thermogladius calderae gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote from a Kamchatka hot spring

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