Distribution of mercury in the combustion products of coal dust in boilers with liquid slag removal

Kolesnikov, S. P.; Rubinskaya, T. Ya.; Стрельцова, Е. Д.; Leonova, M. Yu.; Korshevets, I. K.; Zykov, A. M.; Anichkov, S. N.

doi:10.3103/s0361521910010106

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Existing emission controls for other coal combustion pollutants such as NO x , SO x , and particulates can also be used to capture a portion of the released Hg. 3 Without the addition of any Hg emission control, an average of ∼33% of the released Hg is captured. 4 Particle-bound Hg can be captured using either an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or a fabric filter (FF), oxidized Hg may be removed using wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD), and a portion of the elemental Hg can be oxidized using selective catalytic reduction (SCR) for improved removal during FGD.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Surface Changes on Brominated and Sulfur-Treated Activated Carbon Sorbents during Mercury Capture: Performance of Pellet versus Fiber Sorbents

Saha

Abram

Kuhl

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This work explores surface changes and the Hg capture performance of brominated activated carbon (AC) pellets, sulfur-treated AC pellets, and sulfur-treated AC fibers upon exposure to simulated Powder River Basin-fired flue gas. Hg breakthrough curves yielded specific Hg capture amounts by means of the breakthrough shapes and times for the three samples. The brominated AC pellets showed a sharp breakthrough after 170−180 h and a capacity of 585 μg of Hg/g, the sulfur-treated AC pellets exhibited a gradual breakthrough after 80−90 h and a capacity of 661 μg of Hg/g, and the sulfur-treated AC fibers showed no breakthrough even after 1400 h, exhibiting a capacity of >9700 μg of Hg/g. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze sorbent surfaces before and after testing to show important changes in quantification and oxidation states of surface Br, N, and S after exposure to the simulated flue gas. For the brominated and sulfur-treated AC pellet samples, the amount of surface-bound Br and reduced sulfur groups decreased upon Hg capture testing, while the level of weaker Hg-binding surface S(VI) and N species (perhaps as NH 4 + ) increased significantly. A high initial concentration of strong Hg-binding reduced sulfur groups on the surface of the sulfur-treated AC fiber is likely responsible for this sorbent's minimal accumulation of S(VI) species during exposure to the simulated flue gas and is linked to its superior Hg capture performance compared to that of the brominated and sulfur-treated AC pellet samples.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing emission controls for other coal combustion pollutants such as NO x , SO x , and particulates can also be used to capture a portion of the released Hg . Without the addition of any Hg emission control, an average of ∼33% of the released Hg is captured .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Surface Changes on Brominated and Sulfur-Treated Activated Carbon Sorbents during Mercury Capture: Performance of Pellet versus Fiber Sorbents

Saha

Abram

Kuhl

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…) compared with detection limits (C0.5 ng g -1 , ICP-MS 1-5 lg g -1 and ±5 lg g -1 ) of other instruments such as HydraIIc, Ohiolumex (Dufault et al 2009;Kolesnikov et al 2010). In the present study, replicates (10 numbers) of the selected six species of plant parts (leaves, stem, and roots) and the digested soil samples (0.2 g) were analyzed in the DMA (DMA-80, Milestone, Italy).…”

Section: Digestion Of Soil Samplesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…We conducted research on air pollution during the years 2009-2011 considering the global scenario on Hg pollution, frequent dust storms, and rapid urbanization in Kuwait in addition to the Hg concentration determination at ultra-trace levels in desert plants with unparalleled precision. Our investigations determined: (a) the mercury (Hg) concentrations in desert plants and soil using direct mercury analyzer (DMA-80: compliant to EPA 7473 method) with lowest possible detection limit of 0.015 ng g -1 Hg in comparison with conventional methods (EPA, 245.1, 7471A) and analyzers (Hydra-IIc, Ohio Lumex) with higher detection limits C0.5 ng g -1 (Dufault et al 2009;Kolesnikov et al 2010), (b) the distribution and the effect of Hg levels in plants from the six Governorates of Kuwait during summer (April-September, 2009 and winter seasons (October-March, 2009, (c) to label selected desert plants as bio-indicators or accumulators to Hg pollution using translocation (TF) and bioaccumulation factors (BF), and (d) an overview on the impact of environmental variables to Hg distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the ultra-trace mercury levels in selected desert plants

Bu-Olayan

Thomas

2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Conventional methods that assessed the mercury (Hg) levels were not only an outcome of atmospheric pollution, but also the possibility of Hg contamination from the sample collection to laboratory analyses. Our studies used the direct mercury analyzer that measured Hg rapidly and precisely at ultra-trace concentrations with detection limit of 0.0015 ng g -1 on six favored desert plants and their surrounding soil in Kuwait. Analysis revealed elevated Hg concentrations in Tamarix chinensis Lour., and Salsola imbricate Forssk., among the chosen desert plants, especially during summer than in winter, thus labeling the qualities of a bio-indicator to Hg pollution. The overall parts-wise analysis on the six selected plants showed the elevated mean Hg concentrations in the leaves (0.89 ng g -1 ) followed by root (0.51 ng g -1 ) and stem (0.39 ng g -1 ) in the desert plants. Reasons attribute to the capability of these plant parts to absorb, accumulate, and assimilate Hg at varying concentrations. The overall mean Hg concentration was high in soil (2.24 ng g -1 ) in comparison with the mean Hg concentrations in the desert plants (0.60 ng g -1 ) irrespective of the two seasons. Translocation and bioaccumulation factors indicated low uptake of Hg translocation in the plant parts from the soil. Furthermore, the mean Hg concentration was found high in samples collected from Governorates (GIII) in comparison with the samples collected from other Governorates indicating the effect of pollution from various sources. The present study characterizes the selected plants as bio-indicators and also validates the impact of regional and seasonal variations to Hg pollution at ultra-trace levels in the arid ecosystem.

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“…During the coal combustion process, only a portion of the vaporized Hg can be captured through conventional pollution control technologies . Particle-bound Hg can be constrained through particulate control devices (PCDs), and wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) units are employed for removal of oxidized Hg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Changes in Surface Chemistries on Virgin and Brominated Activated Carbon Sorbents during Mercury Capture: Before and After Regeneration

Saha

2014

Energy Fuels

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Pre-halogenated activated carbon (AC) sorbents are known to be effective in Hg capture when injected into the flue gas stream generated from the combustion of low-chlorine-containing sub-bituminous and lignite coals. In this study, virgin (unfunctionalized) and brominated AC powders were tested for Hg sorption in a low-HCl (4 ppm)-containing simulated Powder River Basin (PRB)-fired flue gas matrix before and after regeneration. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to investigate changes in sorbent surface chemistries, which were then correlated to Hg breakthrough data obtained from benchscale experiments. It was observed that Hg capture tests on brominated AC powders removed the surface-bound bromine, a known Hg-binding site, to levels below XPS detection limits. Further, XPS studies also revealed an increase in the chlorine content after adsorption on the tested samples and the samples regenerated at a lower temperature (204 °C). The decrease of bromine peaks coupled with the presence/increase of Cl, N, and S on the tested and some regenerated samples strongly indicates that the HCl, SO 2 , and NO x components in the flue gas play a collaborative role during Hg breakthrough. It is also observed from the breakthrough data that Hg adsorption on regenerated samples decreases significantly to 6.5−9.6% of the initial adsorption values. This indicates that regenerating AC sorbents for further Hg capture is not an effective process.

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Distribution of mercury in the combustion products of coal dust in boilers with liquid slag removal

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Surface Changes on Brominated and Sulfur-Treated Activated Carbon Sorbents during Mercury Capture: Performance of Pellet versus Fiber Sorbents

An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Surface Changes on Brominated and Sulfur-Treated Activated Carbon Sorbents during Mercury Capture: Performance of Pellet versus Fiber Sorbents

Assessment of the ultra-trace mercury levels in selected desert plants

Investigation of Changes in Surface Chemistries on Virgin and Brominated Activated Carbon Sorbents during Mercury Capture: Before and After Regeneration

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