Distribution of mesencephalic nucleus and trigeminal ganglion mechanoreceptors in the periodontal ligament of the cat.

Rj, Linden; Bellows, Scott

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1989.sp017519

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that the cell bodies of these mechanoreceptors are found in two anatomically distinct sites: the mesencephalic nucleus of the fifth cranial nerve Correspondence to: B. Millar and the trigeminal ganglion (for review see Linden 1990). Linden and Scott (1989) located mechanoreceptors in the ligament itself and recorded from the cell bodies in the two sites. They showed that there was a difference in the distribution, within the periodontal ligament of the mandibular canine tooth, between the mechanoreceptors with their cell bodies in the mesencephalic nucleus and those with their cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two groups of periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors have different cell body locations, a different distribution of receptor position in the periodontal ligament, and a different range of response properties (see Linden and Scott 1989). In view of these differences, there is the possibility that the nerve endings may be morphologically different.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparative physiological and morphological study of periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors represented in the trigeminal ganglion and the mesencephalic nucleus of the cat

Millar

Halata

1994

Anat Embryol

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A correlative morphological study was carried out on two electrophysiologically identified and located periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors in anaesthetised cats. One mechanoreceptor had its cell body in the mesencephalic nucleus and the other had its cell body in the trigeminal ganglion. Physiological recordings were made from each of their cell bodies. The two receptors were located by punctate and electrical stimuli in the labial aspect of the periodontal ligament of the left mandibular canine tooth. Both receptors had similar positions relative to the tooth apex and fulcrum and were situated in the labial part of the ligament in each tooth. The receptor loci were marked, and these regions were studied in a series of semi-thin and ultra-thin sections. Only Ruffini nerve endings were observed under each ink mark. Both Ruffini nerve endings branched, were unencapsulated and were incompletely surrounded by terminal Schwann cells with extensions projecting towards collagen bundles. The results indicate that periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors with cell bodies in the mesencephalic nucleus and those with their cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion can both be Ruffini nerve endings. Furthermore, there was no apparent morphological difference between the two periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative physiological and morphological study of periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors represented in the trigeminal ganglion and the mesencephalic nucleus of the cat

Millar

Halata

1994

Anat Embryol

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“…Studies have shown different distribution of MS and TG receptors in PDL of cat. Distribution of mechanoreceptors were found to be homogeneous and heterogeneous in the middle and apical portion of cat's tooth with their soma in TG and MS respectively [92]. Authors agreed by and large that periodontal ligament have two types of mechanoreceptors, rapidly adapting and slowly adapting.…”

Section: Periodontium and Proprioceptionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…[92] 1989 Suggests that periodontal receptors remains in the bone even after tooth extraction contributing to osseoperception…”

Section: Author Year Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of root form endosseous dental implant-Transformation from bone anchored to ligament anchored implants and its neurological aspects-Sensory dental implants

Das¹,

Soni²,

Bellare³

2017

Med Devices Diagn Eng

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This review paper investigates the possible transformation of endosseous dental implant, primarily from the current osseointegrated to the future ligament anchored implant within which a new class of implants with enhanced feature of "neuro-ligament integration" may appear. Endosseous dental implants used presently to replace missing teeth get fused with bone but they do not have any periodontal ligament interface between the alveolar socket and the surface of the implant, which natural teeth do. Hence, they lack any proprioceptive sensation, which is important for discrimination, directional and masticatory sensation. Attempts have been made to regenerate periodontium around the implant in 90s, which was not completely successful. Thereafter, there has been limited research. However, recent advances in tissue engineering and biomaterials gave renewed hope of establishing sensory dental implants. In this review, various methods of regeneration of periodontium onto the surface of titanium implants have been discussed along with the possible types of neurological assessment and neuroimaging that could be carried out for validation of its afferent feedback. The review starts by giving background information of major stages and terminologies in the field of oral implants, its response to host tissue in bone, various surface modification of dental implants, stem cells that are used for periodontal regeneration, different approaches for regeneration of periodontium, concept of proprioception in periodontium, osseoperception of dental implants and concludes with neurophysiology of oro-dentofacial region in brain including its detection and measurements methods.

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“…Other studies have shown that a high proportion of mechanosensitive units with cell bodies in the mesencephalic nucleus are maximally sensitive to distolingually directed forces (Linden & Scott, 1989). It has been suggested that periodontal mechanoreceptors respond maximally when the area of ligament in which they are situated is under tension (Cash & Linden, 1982 b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Properties of periodontal mechanoreceptors supplying the cat's lower canine at short and long periods after reinnervation.

Loescher

Robinson

1991

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The properties of periodontal mechanoreceptors innervating the lower canine teeth of cats have been determined 6 weeks and 1 year after sectioning the inferior alveolar nerve. Recordings were made from single fibres dissected from the nerve central to the injury site, whilst forces were applied at right angles to the long axis of the tooth.2. The range of directions over which each mechanosensitive unit responded (arc of sensitivity) was established. Forces were then applied in the direction of maximum sensitivity and the maximum discharge frequency, dynamic index, adaptation rate, and the force threshold at three rates of force application (0-25, 2 and 20 N s-1) were determined.3. Data from 115 units characterized 6 weeks after nerve section revealed a significantly reduced mean dynamic index and raised mean force threshold to forces applied at 2 and 0-25 N s-1, when compared with the controls. These units were, however, more sensitive than those examined 12 weeks after nerve section in a previous study (Loescher & Robinson, 1989b). 4. Data from 158 units characterized 1 year after nerve section revealed a significantly narrower mean arc of sensitivity, reduced mean maximum discharge frequency, lower mean dynamic index and raised mean threshold to forces applied at 0-25 N s-, when compared with the controls.5. Bone overlying the roots of the reinnervated teeth was removed in order to localize receptors in the underlying periodontal ligament. Forty-six units were localized 6 weeks after nerve section and thirty-eight 1 year after nerve section. The mean conduction velocity of these units was significantly reduced both 6 weeks and 1 year after nerve section compared to the controls. One unit was found which branched to innervate receptors at two locations within the ligament, and one unit was found which branched to innervate a receptor in the ligament and another in the overlying skin.6. The higher level of sensitivity of receptors when first reinnervated than at later stages is attributed to their immaturity. This immaturity may also contribute to the paraesthesia which is experienced by patients at a corresponding stage in recovery MS 8765 A. R. LOESCHER AND P. P. ROBINSON from nerve injury. The persistent reduction in sensitivity of units 1 year after nerve injury suggests that changes occur which have a permanent effect on their properties.

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Distribution of mesencephalic nucleus and trigeminal ganglion mechanoreceptors in the periodontal ligament of the cat.

Cited by 44 publications

References 24 publications

A comparative physiological and morphological study of periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors represented in the trigeminal ganglion and the mesencephalic nucleus of the cat

A comparative physiological and morphological study of periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors represented in the trigeminal ganglion and the mesencephalic nucleus of the cat

Evolution of root form endosseous dental implant-Transformation from bone anchored to ligament anchored implants and its neurological aspects-Sensory dental implants

Properties of periodontal mechanoreceptors supplying the cat's lower canine at short and long periods after reinnervation.

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