Distribution of methyl sulfone metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls and p,p'-DDE in human tissues.

Chu, Shi-Jye; Covaci, Adrian; Jacobs, Werner; Haraguchi, Koichi; Schepens, Paul

doi:10.1289/ehp.6141

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This is in contrast with the distribution of MeSO2-PCBs in human tissues reported by Weistrand and Norén (9) and Chu et al (27), where 4-MeSO2-CB87 and -CB101 were the main congeners in adipose tissue, while 3-MeSO2-CB132 was the dominant congener in liver. Differences between mammalian species are probably due to variations in metabolic capabilities combined with differences in the levels and profiles of PCBs in their diet.…”

Section: Levels Of Meso2-pcbs and -Dde In Harbor Porpoise Liverscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Levels and Enantiomeric Signatures of Methyl Sulfonyl PCB and DDE Metabolites in Livers of Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Southern North Sea

Chu

Covaci

Haraguchi

et al. 2003

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The concentration of 26 methyl sulfonyl metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls (MeSO 2 -PCBs) and of p,p′-DDE (MeSO 2 -DDE) were determined in 19 liver samples from harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranded between 1997 and 2000 on the Belgian and French North Sea Coasts. The total concentration of MeSO 2 -PCBs ranged from 39 to 4221 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and were generally higher in adults (age >2 yr, range 969-4 221 ng/g lw) than in juveniles (age <2 yr, range 39-1815 ng/g lw). The concentrations of MeSO 2 -DDE were generally also higher in adults (21-96 ng/g lw) than in juveniles (0.5-60 ng/g lw). Congeners 3-and 4-MeSO 2 -CB101 were the dominating metabolites in all samples. Due to their preferential retention in the liver, the MeSO 2 -PCB congeners could be divided into two groups. The first group was dominated by the 3-MeSO 2 -PCB congeners and consisted of MeSO 2 -CB31, -CB49, -CB52, -CB87, and -CB101, which all have a 2,5-chlorine substitution in the phenyl ring containing the methyl sulfonyl group. The second group was dominated by the 4-MeSO 2 -PCB congeners and consisted of MeSO 2 -CB64, -CB91, -CB110, and -CB132, which all have a 2,3,6-chlorine substitution. The ratios of sum of PCBs/sum of MeSO 2 -PCBs and p,p′-DDE/MeSO 2 -DDE differed greatly between individual subjects and ranged from 15 to 419 and from 17 to 1088, respectively. The ratio between the precursor PCB congeners and their corresponding metabolites ranged from 0.6 (CB49) to 175 (CB174). Enantiomeric fractions (EFs) for MeSO 2 -PCB atropisomers, which include 3-MeSO 2 -CB132, 3-MeSO 2 -CB149, 4-MeSO 2 -CB149, 3-MeSO 2 -CB174, and 4-MeSO 2 -CB174, were also measured in 8 out of the 19 subjects. High enantiomeric excess (EF > 0.73 or EF < 0.23) for the measured chiral MeSO 2 -PCB congeners was found in all samples. This result may suggest that one atropisomer may be preferentially formed in harbor porpoises or that the atropisomers are retained in a highly selective manner.

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Section: Levels Of Meso2-pcbs and -Dde In Harbor Porpoise Liverscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Levels and Enantiomeric Signatures of Methyl Sulfonyl PCB and DDE Metabolites in Livers of Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Southern North Sea

Chu

Covaci

Haraguchi

et al. 2003

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…In humans, the highest concentrations of MeSO 2 -PCBs are found in liver followed by lung and adipose tissue Chu et al, 2003). The levels of ΣMeSO 2 -PCBs in human adipose and liver tissue were about 3 and 30 ng/g fat respectively in seven Swedish subjects .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Methylsulfonyl metabolites of PCBs and DDE have also been analysed in human blood, milk, adipose tissue, lung, liver and brain (Haraguchi et al, 1986b;Norén et al, 1999;Chu et al, 2003;Hovander et al, 2006). The MeSO 2 -PCBs and MeSO 2 -DDE are highly lipophilic leading to their accumulation in adipose tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and cord serum exposure to PCB and DDE methyl sulfone metabolites in eastern Slovakia

et al. 2007

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were commercially produced between 1959 and 1984 in eastern Slovakia. Improper handling led to a highly contaminated local environment and high levels of PCBs in humans and wildlife in the Michalovce area. The aim of this study was to analyse serum for methylsulfonyl metabolites of PCB (MeSO 2 -PCBs) and DDE (3-MeSO 2 -DDE) in serum samples from pregnant women and in a selected number of paired cord blood samples to assess maternal sulfone levels and patterns, and transplacental transfer of these metabolites. The donating women were from two districts in eastern Slovakia. A liquid-liquid extraction method together with separation of substance groups and further clean up on silica gel columns were applied prior to analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. 3-MeSO 2 -DDE was the major methyl sulfone in most of the samples followed by a yet not identified MeSO 2 -hexaCB, 4′-MeSO 2 -CB101, 4′-MeSO 2 -CB87 and 4-MeSO 2 -CB149. The women from the contaminated area had three times higher concentrations of the MeSO 2 -PCBs than women from the reference area. This is the first report on methyl sulfone metabolites of PCB and DDE in human cord serum. It is shown that these metabolites are transported through the placenta. The levels of MeSO 2 -PCBs in the maternal serum were about 1.5 times higher than in the corresponding cord serum on a lipid weight basis. For 3-MeSO 2 -DDE, the levels were about the same in maternal and cord serum. The difference in the maternal:cord ratio, comparing MeSO 2 -PCBs with 3-MeSO 2 -DDE might be due to differences in transport through the placenta caused by their different affinities for lipoproteins and plasma proteins.

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“…The lipid extraction procedure has been described previously, although slight modifications were made, namely, replacing anhydrous sodium sulfate with diatomaceous earth as the extraction medium [28]. The tissue sample taken for PFAS analysis was not suitable to use directly for lipid extraction due to the nonvolatile nature of the solvent (10 mM potassium hydroxide in 80:20 [v/v] acetonitrile/water).…”

Section: Lipid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus)

Greaves

Letcher

Sonne

et al. 2012

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Abstract-The present study investigated the comparative accumulation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in eight brain regions of polar bears (Ursus maritimus, n ¼ 19) collected in 2006 from Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. The PFAAs studied were perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs, C 6 -C 15 chain lengths) and sulfonates (C 4 , C 6 , C 8 , and C 10 chain lengths) as well as selected precursors including perfluorooctane sulfonamide. On a wet-weight basis, blood-brain barrier transport of PFAAs occurred for all brain regions, although inner regions of the brain closer to incoming blood flow (pons/medulla, thalamus, and hypothalamus) contained consistently higher PFAA concentrations compared to outer brain regions (cerebellum, striatum, and frontal, occipital, and temporal cortices). For pons/medulla, thalamus, and hypothalamus, the most concentrated PFAAs were perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), ranging from 47 to 58 ng/g wet weight, and perfluorotridecanoic acid, ranging from 43 to 49 ng/g wet weight. However, PFOS and the longer-chain PFCAs (C 10 -C 15 ) were significantly (p < 0.002) positively correlated with lipid content for all brain regions. Lipid-normalized PFOS and PFCA (C 10 -C 15 ) concentrations were not significantly (p > 0.05) different among brain regions. The burden of the sum of PFCAs, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, and perfluorooctane sulfonamide in the brain (average mass, 392 g) was estimated to be 46 mg. The present study demonstrates that both PFCAs and perfluoroalkyl sulfonates cross the blood-brain barrier in polar bears and that wet-weight concentrations are brain region-specific. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:713-722. # 2012 SETAC

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Distribution of methyl sulfone metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls and p,p'-DDE in human tissues.

Cited by 40 publications

References 37 publications

Levels and Enantiomeric Signatures of Methyl Sulfonyl PCB and DDE Metabolites in Livers of Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Southern North Sea

Levels and Enantiomeric Signatures of Methyl Sulfonyl PCB and DDE Metabolites in Livers of Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Southern North Sea

Maternal and cord serum exposure to PCB and DDE methyl sulfone metabolites in eastern Slovakia

Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus)

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