Distribution of nitrogen and oxygen compounds in shale oil distillates and their catalytic cracking performance

Abstract

The positive- and negative-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled with Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) was employed to identify the chemical composition of heteroatomic compounds in four distillates of Fushun shale oil, and their catalytic cracking performance was investigated. There are nine classes of basic nitrogen compounds (BNCs) and eleven classes of non-basic heteroatomic compounds (NBHCs) in the different distillates. The dominant BNCs are mainly basic N1 class species. The dominant NBHCs are mainly acidic O2 and O1 class species in the 300–350 °C, 350–400 °C, and 400–450 °C distillates, while the neutral N1, N1O1 and N2 compounds become relatively abundant in the > 450 °C fraction. The basic N1 compounds and acidic O1 and O2 compounds are separated into different distillates by the degree of alkylation (different carbon number) but not by aromaticity (different double-bond equivalent values). The basic N1O1 and N2 class species and neutral N1 and N2 class species are separated into different distillates by the degrees of both alkylation and aromaticity. After the catalytic cracking of Fushun shale oil, the classes of BNCs in the liquid products remain unchanged, while the classes and relative abundances of NBHCs vary significantly.

Preparation of Y Zeolite Molecular Sieve Based On Bentonite and its Catalytic Cracking Performance for Shale Oil

“…At the same time, compared with HY-2 catalyst, its heavy oil content is lower, indicating that HY-1 catalyst has better catalytic cracking performance, and can convert heavy oil with larger carbon number into gasoline products with smaller carbon number, while HY-2 catalyst is more likely to convert heavy oil into diesel products with larger carbon number. This may be due to the high crystallinity, strong acidity and more acidic sites of HY-1 catalyst, as well as the large specific surface area, pore volume and pore size, which is more conducive to the entry of macromolecular substances into the pore structure of the molecular sieve, the bond-breaking reaction occurs, and the production of gasoline and other products with smaller molecular weight and less carbon number [57] . Therefore, HY-1 catalyst was selected as the catalyst for the subsequent investigation of reaction conditions HY-1 catalyst was compared with commercial HY-type molecular sieve catalyst (HY-3).…”

Molecular Characterization of Fossil and Alternative Fuels Using Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry: Recent Advances and Perspectives

“…Larger molecular weight basic nitrogen compounds with higher condensation degrees have a significant negative effect on the performance of shale oil catalytic cracking. Chen et al 248 characterized the chemical composition of heteroatomic compounds in four distillates of the Fushun shale oil and investigated their catalytic cracking performance. Nine classes of basic nitrogen compounds and 11 classes of nonbasic heteroatomic compounds were assigned.…”

Experiment and a catalyst acid property‐included global reaction modeling for catalytic pyrolysis of 1‐pentene

“…However, the drawbacks of this process, such as high reaction temperatures (>800°C), high energy consumption, and high CO 2 emissions, make it unable to meet the increasing demand 6–8 . New on‐purpose light olefin production technologies, such as the catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbons, dehydrogenation of light alkanes, and methanol to olefins (MTO) process, have been developed in recent years 9–14 . Among them, catalytic pyrolysis of light olefins is regarded as a cost‐competitive and highly shape‐selectivity route used to address the ever‐growing market demand for light olefins 15–18 .…”