Distribution of overwintering invertebrates in temperate agroforestry systems: Implications for biodiversity conservation and biological control of crop pests

Boinot, Sébastien; Poulmarc’h, Jouanel; Mézière, Delphine; Lauri, Pierre‐Éric; Sarthou, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2019.106630

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…A Field Trophic Langer and Hance, 2004;Litsinger et al, 2006;Schmidt et al, 2007;Yoo and O'Neil, 2009;Unruh et al, 2012;Segoli and Rosenheim, 2013;Villegas et al, 2013;Derocles et al, 2014;Damien et al, 2017;Nelson et al, 2018B Structural Halaj et al, 2000Sorribas et al, 2016;Boinot et al, 2019;Ganser et al, 2019 Both/Unmeasured Hossain et al, 2002;Men et al, 2004;Prasifka et al, 2006;Dong et al, 2012;Koch et al, 2015;Ramsden et al, 2015;Tsutsui et al, 2016;Pellissier and Jabbour, 2018;Toivonen et al, 2018;Bowers et al, 2020C Landscape Trophic Settle et al, 1996Prasifka et al, 2004;Pfannenstiel et al, 2012;Heimoana et al, 2017;Bertrand et al, 2019D Structural Öberg et al, 2007Royauté and Buddle, 2012;Roume et al, 2013;Sarthou et al, 2014;Raymond et al, 2015;Hanson et al, 2017;Gallé et al, 2018;Mestre et al, 2018;Ng et al, 2018;Sutter et al, 2018;K...…”

Section: Management Scale Resource Type Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one study from Switzerland, perennial wildflower strips were found to host significantly more overwintering spiders, ground beetles, rove beetles, and hoverflies than adjacent wheat fields, but plowing strips during the overwintering period reversed any benefits they provided (Ganser et al, 2019). In an alley cropped agroforestry system, Boinot et al (2019) found that more predators, and disturbance-sensitive ground beetle species in particular, overwintered in understory vegetation strips than crop alleys, suggesting that the structural complexity created by the trees could enhance biocontrol services during the growing season. Finally, even in perennial systems where cropland itself may be a suitable overwintering habitat for some natural enemy species, supplementary habitat may be valuable for others.…”

Section: Structural Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal Resource (Dis)continuity for Conservation Biological Control: From Field to Landscape Scales

Iuliano

Gratton

2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Conservation biological control (CBC) seeks to promote the occurrence of natural enemies of agricultural pests by managing habitat to provide key resources in and around farm fields. In particular, vegetation diversity may help ensure temporal resource continuity such that natural enemies are less likely to experience detrimental gaps or bottlenecks as they move through and use different habitats. While the conceptual value of resource continuity has long been recognized by CBC researchers and practitioners, empirical studies have tended to focus on snapshots in space and time. Here we review how continuity of trophic (food) and structural (shelter) resources affect natural enemy conservation and pest control outcomes within farm fields and across agricultural landscapes. Key trophic resources include alternative prey and non-prey food (such as floral nectar and pollen), which can bolster natural enemy nutrition when pests are scarce. Vegetative and non-vegetative structural resources can protect enemies when crop fields are disturbed and provide important overwintering habitat in temperate regions. Within fields, non-crop plantings such as wildflower strips or beetle banks are the most popular habitat management strategies, but temporal intercropping, asynchronous planting/harvesting, and the construction of artificial shelters have high potential to contribute to resource continuity. Analogously, semi-natural habitat at the landscape scale may contribute to resource continuity in some cases, but crop diversity, asynchrony, and urban habitat can also be important. Simultaneous consideration of resource diversity and continuity could generate better predictions and more targeted management interventions for particular pest and enemy assemblages. Future research should strive to expand our understanding of natural enemy resource requirements in space and time.

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Section: Management Scale Resource Type Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Resource (Dis)continuity for Conservation Biological Control: From Field to Landscape Scales

Iuliano

Gratton

2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…This increased interspersion of AEI and cropped areas within fields themselves can affect ecosystem service flows (Mitchell et al, 2015). Although very few studies have focused on the ecological functions of UVS, it has been shown that they are important refugia for many plants and invertebrates (Boinot et al, 2019a;Boinot et al, 2019b;Pardon et al, 2019;D'Hervilly et al, 2020). UVS provide overwintering habitats for most spiders and for carabid species sensitive to agricultural intensification (characterized by a predominantly granivorous diet and a large body length), whereas small and carnivorous carabids overwinter mostly in crop alleys (Boinot et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although very few studies have focused on the ecological functions of UVS, it has been shown that they are important refugia for many plants and invertebrates (Boinot et al, 2019a;Boinot et al, 2019b;Pardon et al, 2019;D'Hervilly et al, 2020). UVS provide overwintering habitats for most spiders and for carabid species sensitive to agricultural intensification (characterized by a predominantly granivorous diet and a large body length), whereas small and carnivorous carabids overwinter mostly in crop alleys (Boinot et al, 2019b). These results suggest that alley cropping might efficiently promote spiders and predominantly granivorous carabids compared to pure crop systems, because UVS provide suitable overwintering habitats and enhanced plant and invertebrate resources within fields themselves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting generalist predators of crop pests in alley cropping agroforestry fields: Farming system matters

Boinot

Mézière

Poulmarc’h

et al. 2020

Ecological Engineering

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Developing agroecological practices that enhance biological control of crop pests is a major issue for the transition of agriculture towards sustainable and biodiversityfriendly systems. Agroecological infrastructures (AEI) are devoted to the support of ecosystem service providers, although they have mixed effects on natural enemies of crop pests. In temperate regions, alley cropping agroforestry involves within-field AEI, in the form of tree rows and associated understory vegetation strips. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of generalist predators (carabid beetles and cursorial spiders) to control weed seeds and invertebrate pests in alley cropping vs pure crop systems, under two contrasting farming systems (conventional vs organic). Predator surveys were carried out in May and June 2017 in SouthWestern France over 12 winter cereal fields. Our study revealed that the effect of alley cropping was modulated by the farming system. Under conventional farming, alley cropping had a negative effect on the activity-density and species richness of generalist predators, especially regarding carnivorous carabids whose activity-density was reduced by nearly 50%. Under organic farming, alley cropping enhanced both the activity-density and complementarity of generalist predators, with a twofold increase in the activity-density of seed-feeding carabids (predominantly granivorous and omnivorous), potentially promoting weed seed and invertebrate pest control. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of AEI in promoting natural enemies depends on the farming system at the field scale, which affects resource availability and determines spillover intensity between habitats. AEI are often perceived as sources of natural enemies. However, sink and retention effects (i.e. reduced or delayed spillover into crop fields due to higher 3 attractiveness of AEI) are overlooked and very likely to explain the mixed impacts of AEI on natural enemy communities.

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“…The benefits for biodiversity in agroforestry systems have been investigated particularly in the tropics showing that biodiversity can be improved by agroforestry in degraded and intensively cropped areas [18][19][20]. In the temperate zones, studies for di erent species groups, such as birds [21] or invertebrates [22] have shown equivocal effects on biodiversity. An earlier meta-analysis found a net increase of biodiversity across taxa and agroforestry systems in Europe, however failed to provide detailed information on the heterogeneity and robustness of their findings [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European agroforestry is no universal remedy for biodiversity: a time-cumulative meta-analysis

Mupepele

Keller

Dormann

2020

Preprint

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BackgroundAgroforestry is a production system combining trees with crops or livestock. It has the potential to increase biodiversity in relation to single-use systems, such as pastures or conventional agriculture, by providing a higher habitat heterogeneity. In a literature review and subsequent meta-analysis, we investigated the relationship between biodiversity and agroforestry and critically appraise the underlying evidence of the results.ResultsBiodiversity in agroforestry was higher than in conventional agriculture, but could not outcompete pastures, forests and abandoned agroforestry systems. There was no overall biodiversity benefit in agroforestry systems. Data were available for plants, birds, bats and arthropods. Arthropods and birds were the two taxonomic groups profiting from agroforestry systems. A time-cumulative meta-analysis shows that there was no general benefit of biodiversity at any point in the past besides in early 2015. Time-cumulative meta-analysis can unravel missing robustness of meta-analytical results if conclusions alternate between significant to non-significant summary effect sizes over time.ConclusionAgroforestry increases biodiversity only in silvoarable systems compared with conventional agriculture. But even this result is based on a small magnitude and single-study effect sizes were heterogeneous with sometimes opposing conclusions. The latter suggests the importance of other usually unmeasured variables, such as landscape parameters or land-use history, influencing biodiversity in agroforestry systems.

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Distribution of overwintering invertebrates in temperate agroforestry systems: Implications for biodiversity conservation and biological control of crop pests

Cited by 40 publications

References 78 publications

Temporal Resource (Dis)continuity for Conservation Biological Control: From Field to Landscape Scales

Temporal Resource (Dis)continuity for Conservation Biological Control: From Field to Landscape Scales

Promoting generalist predators of crop pests in alley cropping agroforestry fields: Farming system matters

European agroforestry is no universal remedy for biodiversity: a time-cumulative meta-analysis

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