Distribution of Phage Groups of
            <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
            in the Years 1927 through 1947

Blair, John E.; Carr, Miriam

doi:10.1126/science.132.3435.1247

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Theoretically, either pattern could arise from the other. Strains of both types have existed for many years (Rountree, 1959;Blair and Carr, 1960b). In this laboratory, among 43 strains isolated between 1927 and 1947 which eventually were found to belong to the 80/81-52/52A/80/81 complex, 29 showed the patterns 52/52A/80 or 52/52A/80/81.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this laboratory, among 43 strains isolated between 1927 and 1947 which eventually were found to belong to the 80/81-52/52A/80/81 complex, 29 showed the patterns 52/52A/80 or 52/52A/80/81. W\rhen they were originally typed before phages 80 and 81 were available, many of them had shown the patterns 52, 52A, or 52/52A; one strain of type 80/81 was isolated in this laboratory in 1935 (Blair and Carr, 1960b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lysogeny in Staphylococci

Blair

Carr

1961

J Bacteriol

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Changes in the phage typing patterns of strains of staphylococci of the 80/81-52/52A/80/ 81 complex and of phage group III were produced by lysogenization with temperate phages derived from selected strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The phages used were of the serological groups A, B, and F. Certain changes of phage pattern were related to serologically specific prophage immunity; others were nonspecific, or resulted from the conversion of a strain from partial resistance to full sensitivity to certain typing phages. In addition to an alteration of their phage typing pattern, the lysogenization of certain strains by appropriate phages effected a reversal of their susceptibility to penicillin. The capacity to produce toxin was conferred upon certain nontoxigenic strains by lysogenization with a phage derived from a toxigenic strain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysogeny in Staphylococci

Blair

Carr

1961

J Bacteriol

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“…Originally isolated in Australia in 1953 39, phage type 80/81 strains were penicillin-resistant and caused both hospital and community outbreaks on a global scale96. Phage type 80/81 strains are prevalent in strain collections dating back to 1927; these strains were considered to be highly transmissible and particularly virulent, and were also among the first to be identified as penicillin resistant 37. Phage type 80/81 isolates in a collection dating to the 1950s and 1960s have been shown almost uniformly to possess genes for PVL96, which is reminiscent of the association of PVL and resistance to methicillin in the contemporary epidemic CA-MRSA strains.…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiology Of Staphylococcus Aureus In the Antibmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era

2009

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“…Furthermore, one study indicated S. aureus isolates from life-threatening endocarditis infections are more likely to belong to CC30 than to other S. aureus lineages (5). The first CC30 pandemic was caused by the methicillin-sensitive phage type 80/81 clone in the 1950s and 1960s, which spread from hospitals causing a significant disease burden in the community and was characterized by resistance to penicillin and production of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) toxin (6)(7)(8)(9). The Southwest Pacific clone (SWP) is a contemporary PVL + community-associated MRSA clone, which has spread to several continents and which largely causes skin and soft tissue infections of otherwise healthy individuals (10,11).…”

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Molecular tracing of the emergence, adaptation, and transmission of hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

McAdam

Templeton

Edwards

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

139

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Hospital-associated infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a global health burden dominated by a small number of bacterial clones. The pandemic EMRSA-16 clone (ST36-II) has been widespread in UK hospitals for 20 y, but its evolutionary origin and the molecular basis for its hospital association are unclear. We carried out a Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction on the basis of the genome sequences of 87 S. aureus isolates including 60 EMRSA-16 and 27 additional clonal complex 30 (CC30) isolates, collected from patients in three continents over a 53-y period. The three major pandemic clones to originate from the CC30 lineage, including phage type 80/81, Southwest Pacific, and EMRSA-16, shared a most recent common ancestor that existed over 100 y ago, whereas the hospital-associated EMRSA-16 clone is estimated to have emerged about 35 y ago. Our CC30 genome-wide analysis revealed striking molecular correlates of hospital-or community-associated pandemics represented by mobile genetic elements and nonsynonymous mutations affecting antibiotic resistance and virulence. Importantly, phylogeographic analysis indicates that EMRSA-16 spread within the United Kingdom by transmission from hospitals in large population centers in London and Glasgow to regional health-care settings, implicating patient referrals as an important cause of nationwide transmission. Taken together, the high-resolution phylogenomic approach used resulted in a unique understanding of the emergence and transmission of a major MRSA clone and provided molecular correlates of its hospital adaptation. Similar approaches for hospitalassociated clones of other bacterial pathogens may inform appropriate measures for controlling their intra-and interhospital spread.nosocomial | epidemiology

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Distribution of Phage Groups of Staphylococcus aureus in the Years 1927 through 1947

Cited by 33 publications

References 5 publications

Lysogeny in Staphylococci

Lysogeny in Staphylococci

Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era

Molecular tracing of the emergence, adaptation, and transmission of hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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