Distribution of Pyroclastic Density Currents Determined by Numerical Model at Mt. Baekdu Volcano

Abstract

We assumed the situation where an eruption column had been formed by the explosive Plinian eruption from Mt. Baekdu and that the collapse of eruption column had caused pyroclastic density currents to occur. Based on this assumption, we simulated by using a Titan2D model. To find out about the range of the impacts of pyroclastic density currents by volcanic eruption scenarios, we studied the distance for the range of the impacts by VEIs. To compare the results by each volcanic eruption scenario, we set the location of the vent on the 8-direction flank of the outer rim and on the center of the caldera, the internal friction angle of the pyroclastic density currents as 35 o , the bed friction angle as 16 o . We set the pile height of column collapse and the vent diameter with various VEIs. We properly assumed the height of the column collapse, the diameter of the vent, the initial rates of the column collapse and the simulation period, based on the VEIs, gravity and the volume of the collapsed volcanic ash. According to the comparative analysis of the simulation results based on the increase of the eruption, the higher VEI by the increase of eruption products, the farther the pyroclastic density currents disperse. To the northwest from the vent on the northeast slope of the outer rim of the caldera, the impact range was 3.3 km, 4.6 km, 13.2 km, 24.0 km, 50.2 km, 83.4 km or more from VEI=2 to VEI=7, respectively. Once the database has been fully constructed, it can be used as a very important material in terms of disaster prevention and emergency management, which aim to minimize human and material damages in the vicinity of Mt. Baekdu when its eruption causes the pyroclastic density currents to occur.

Classification of GIS-based models according to natural hazard types

“…Since volcanic disasters rarely occur in Korea, less attention had been paid to scientific works and to system development than the other natural disasters until 2012 [37]. Intensive R&D investment has enabled more scholars and engineers to develop volcanic models from ''iSa'' to ''rMds'' in short time.…”

Simulation of Pyroclastic Density Current by Lava Dome Collapse at Jeju Island Using TITAN2D

“…Korea 화성쇄설밀도류에 대한 재난을 모의하기 위하여 TITAN2D (Sheridan et al, 2005), VolcFlow (Kelfoun and Druitt, 2005;Kelfoun et al, 2008;)나 Flow3D (Sheridan et al, 2000) 등과 같은 수치모의 프로그램들이 개발되어 왔으며, 이들 중 국내에서는 백두산에서 발생 가능한 화쇄류의 모의를 위하여 TITAN2D (Yun et al, 2013;와 VolcFlow (Chang and Yun, 2015)가 사용되었다. 본 연구에서는 백두산 의 화쇄류 수치모의를 위해 Yun et al(2013Yun et al( , 2014 (Lee and Yun, 2012 (Kim and Lee, 2000;Sohn and Park, 2004;Sohn et al, 2008;Sohn and Yoon, 2010;Brenna et al, 2012aBrenna et al, , 2012b. 크게 4단계로 분류되는 제주도의 형성 과정 (Lee, 1982 …”