Serotonin (5-HT) is a modulatory neurotransmitter that is involved in a variety of physiological and behavioral functions. In mammals, dysfunction of the serotonergic system has been linked to various diseases such as depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and eating disorders (Müller et al., 2007;Michelsen et al., 2008;Remington, 2008;Terry et al., 2008;Akimova et al., 2009;Polter and Li, 2010). In addition, growing evidence found in many species indicates that 5-HT modulates learning and memory (Jacobs and Azmitia, 1992;Winsauer et al., 1996; Meneses, 1999;Clarke et al., 2004; Meneses and PerezGarcia, 2007;Müller et al., 2007;Bert et al., 2008;Gasbarri et al., 2008;González-Burgos and Feria-Velasco, 2008;Sitaraman et al., 2008;Sambeth et al., 2009;Bari et al., 2010).Serotonin binds to multiple receptors (Hoyer et al., 2002;Green, 2006), which are widely distributed throughout the brain (Chalmers and Watson, 1991;Baumgarten and Grozdanovic, 1995;Barnes and Sharp, 1999;Riad et al., 2000). One of the most prominent is the 5-HT 1A receptor, which was first cloned and described by Fargin et al. (1988). The 5-HT 1A receptor belongs to the G protein coupled receptor superfamily and binds to a Gi/o protein (Innis and Aghajanian, 1987;Polter and Li, 2010). It displays a high affinity for 5-HT and occurs both pre-and postsynaptically (Hall et al., 1985;van Wijngaarden et al., 1990;Riad et al., 2000). As somatodendritic autoreceptors, 5-HT 1A receptors modulate the activity of 5-HT neurons, whereas they modify neuronal activity in terminal areas as postsynaptic receptors (Müller et al., 2007).The distribution of 5-HT 1A receptors in the brain has been investigated by several methods in rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans. Thereby, a high correlation between receptor binding with [3H]-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin ([ 3 H]-8-OH-DPAT) and 5-HT 1A mRNA densities has been shown (Chalmers and Watson, 1991;Pompeiano et al., 1992). High 5-HT 1A receptor densities were detected in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei and in areas of the limbic system such as the hippocampus, the lateral septum, the amygdala, as well as the entorhinal and cingulate cortices Zilles et al., 1985Zilles et al., , 2000Palacios et al., 1990;Yilmazer-Hanke et al., 2003). Moderate binding was detected in the olfactory bulb, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and several brain stem nuclei as well as neocortical areas. Low levels, or no binding, were reported in the basal ganglia and cerebellum (Gozlan et al., 1983;Marcinkiewicz et al., 1984;Zilles et al., 1985Zilles et al., , 2000Hall et al., 1997;Vergé et al., 1986;Albert et al., 1990;Palacios et al., 1990;Pompeiano et al., 1992;Khawaja, 1995; Kia et al., 1996a,b;Farde et al., 1997;Raurich et al., 1999;Hume et al., 2001;Maeda et al., 2001;Geyer et al., 2005;Palchaudhuri and Flügge, 2005;Eickhoff et al., 2007;Topic et al., 2007). 5-HT 1A receptors play a role in executive functions, anxiety related behavior, learning and reinforcement, feeding behavior, and locomotor activity (Zilles et al., 2...