Distribution of Sodium and Potassium and Its Relation to Sperm Concentration in the Epididymal Plasma of the Bull

Crabo, B. G.; Gustafsson, B.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0070337

Cited by 62 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similar observations have been made by Crabo & Gustafsson (1964). These regions appear well suited to fluid reabsorption because of the more favourable surface to volumerelationships than are found elsewhere in the male reproductive tract.…”

Section: Seminiferous Tubulessupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Studies in this region have been limited to measurements of electrolyte concentrations in fluid scraped from dead tissue. Although they have indicated a pattern of fluid and electrolyte reabsorption (Crabo & Gustafsson, 1964;Wales, Wallace & White, 1966; Scott, Wales, Wallace & White, 1963) the sampling techniques were inadequate to reveal regional variations in the handling of the individual ions. Post mortem changes, contamination with non-luminal fluid and mixing with fluid from adjacent regions are some of the problems associated with this approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micropuncture studies of the electrochemical aspects of fluid and electrolyte transport in individual seminiferous tubules, the epididymis and the vas deferens in rats

Levine¹,

Marsh²

1971

The Journal of Physiology

379

303

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SUMMARY1. Micropuncture and micro-analytical techniques were used to study some of the electrochemical aspects of fluid and electrolyte transport in single seminiferous tubules, the epididymis and vas deferens.2. Seminiferous tubules contain a fluid that is slightly hypertonic to plasma, has a high potassium and chloride ion concentration, a lower sodium ion concentration and is slightly acidic relative to plasma.3. The lumen of the seminiferous tubule is about 5 mV negative to a Ringers bathing solution.4. Potassium and chloride ions enter the seminiferous tubule lumen against an electrochemical gradient, while the gradient for sodium ion favours its entry. This does not preclude possible active transport of sodium ion.5. Between the seminiferous tubules and the beginning of the caput epididymis spermatocrit changes indicate that about 50 % of the fluid leaving the testis is reabsorbed. Chloride ion and potassium ion are reabsorbed in concentrations greater than in lumen while sodium ion is reabsorbed in a concentration equal to that in the lumen. This region is also the site of intense hydrogen ion secretion. 6. The region between the seminiferous tubules and the caput is isopotential. Reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions are against electrochemical gradient. Potassium ion reabsorption is favoured by the electrochemical gradient.* Recipient of USPHS Training Grant GM-00920 in Physiology. 8. Between the caput and the vas deferens 50 % of the remaining fluid is reabsorbed. Sodium ion is reabsorbed in concentrations much greater than in lumen, potassium ion enters the lumen and the pH rises. Sodium reabsorption in this region is essentially independent of chloride reabsorption.9. The corpus epididymis is 20 mV negative to a Ringers bathing medium while the beginning of the vas deferens is 27 mV negative. Reabsorption of sodium ion is against an electrochemical gradient as is potassium entry. Osmolality data and the concentration of sodium in the reabsorbate require further secretion of organic compounds in this region.

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Section: Seminiferous Tubulessupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropuncture studies of the electrochemical aspects of fluid and electrolyte transport in individual seminiferous tubules, the epididymis and the vas deferens in rats

Levine¹,

Marsh²

1971

The Journal of Physiology

379

303

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The progressive decline in the concentration of sodium ions between rete testis and the cauda epididymidis observed in the ram (Scott et al, 1963), the bull and boar (Crabo & Gustafsson, 1964;Crabo, 1965;Wales et al, 1966) and the rat (Levine & Marsh, 1971) suggests that a similar process may take place in the epididymis to that found in other reabsorbing epithelia (Levine & Marsh, 1971), namely, passive fluid transport following the active transport of ions, in particular sodium. The ions measured in this study (sodium, potassium and chloride) may be considered to be indicators of the absorptive activity of epididymal cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Effects of -Chlorohydrin on the Composition of Rat and Rabbit Epididymal Plasma: A Possible Explanation of Species Difference

Back¹,

Glover²,

Shenton³

et al. 1975

Reproduction

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Summary. The relationship between the antifertility effect of \g=a\-chlorohydrin and changes in composition of luminal plasma from the cauda epididymidis of rats and rabbits has been investigated.At each dose regimen studied, the fertilizing capacity of rats treated with \g=a\-chlorohydrin was reduced to zero. The levels of sodium, potassium, glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in epididymal plasma were not markedly affected by drug treatment. The most noticeable change was a considerable increase in the concentration of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) at all dose levels and of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) after 7 days of treatment with 8 and 16 mg/kg. The effect of cold shock on the composition of epididymal plasma showed that LDH and GOT are, at least in part, derived from spermatozoa.In contrast, \g=a\-chlorohydrin did not have an antifertility action in the rabbit, and the only notable change in the composition of epididymal plasma was an increase in the level of GPC.These results provide evidence that, in the rat, \g=a\-chlorohydrin or a metabolite primarily exerts its antifertility effect by a direct action on the spermatozoa, whilst in the rabbit a barrier may exist to the entrance of the drug into the lumen of the epididymal duct.

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“…A major part of the rete testis fluid is reabsorbed as it flows down the epididymis (1,2,3). The mechanism of fluid reabsorption has been studied in isolated duct of rat epididymis in vitro.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Catecholamines and Adrenergic Blockade on Fluid Reabsorption in Isolated Rat Cauda Epididymidis

Wong

Yeung

1978

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Abstract-The rate of fluid reabsorption in the cauda epididymidis of rat has been measured in vitro.Both adrenaline and isoprenaline produced a prompt, reversible and dose dependent increase in the reabsorption rate. These effects were completely blocked by propranolol.The response to noradrenaline consisted of two components. I n the presence of an alpha blocker, noradrenaline caused an increase, while in the presence of a beta blocker, it produced an inhibition in the rate of fluid reabsorption. The effects of these adrenergic agents were only observed when sodium ions were present in the intraluminal fluid, suggesting that they only affect the Na+-dependent component of fluid reabsorption.The possibility that they may affect the active transport of sodium in the duct was discussed.The effects of these adrenergic agents were inter preted in terms of the presence of alpha and beta receptors in the epithelium of the rat cauda epididymidis.It is now well established that fluid reabsorption takes place along the entire length of the mammalian epididymal duct. A major part of the rete testis fluid is reabsorbed as it flows down the epididymis (1, 2, 3). The mechanism of fluid reabsorption has been studied in isolated duct of rat epididymis in vitro. It was found that 50 % of the fluid reabsorption is secondary to an active transepithelial transport of sodium ions (4, 5). Furthermore this process, like many epididymal functions, is abolished by castration, indicating that the fluid reabsorption process is dependent upon the presence of circulating androgens (6).There is little information on the role of neurotransmitters in the functions of the epididymis, although it has been shown that the cauda epididymidis is heavily innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves (7,8). In this paper, we report the effects of adrenergic agents and blockers on fluid reabsorption in isolated rat cauda epididymidis.The results were interpreted in terms of the presence of the alpha and beta adrenergic re ceptors in the epididymal epithelium. MATERIALS AND METHODSMale Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 200-300 g were sacrificed by a blow on the head. The epididymis was quickly removed and placed in cold Kreb's bicarbonate solution.A segment of the cauda epididymidis (about 0.3 cm long) was dissected free of fat and connective tissue and placed on a specially designed platform similar to that used for measuring secretory rate in isolated rat seminiferous tubules (9). Each end was clamped onto the platform, and incisions were made in the duct close to the clamps. The lumen was

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Distribution of Sodium and Potassium and Its Relation to Sperm Concentration in the Epididymal Plasma of the Bull

Cited by 62 publications

References 3 publications

Micropuncture studies of the electrochemical aspects of fluid and electrolyte transport in individual seminiferous tubules, the epididymis and the vas deferens in rats

Micropuncture studies of the electrochemical aspects of fluid and electrolyte transport in individual seminiferous tubules, the epididymis and the vas deferens in rats

The Effects of -Chlorohydrin on the Composition of Rat and Rabbit Epididymal Plasma: A Possible Explanation of Species Difference

Effects of Catecholamines and Adrenergic Blockade on Fluid Reabsorption in Isolated Rat Cauda Epididymidis

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