Distribution of substance P-like immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the rat—I. Cell bodies and nerve terminals

Ljungdahl, Å.; Hökfelt, Tomas; Nilsson, Göran

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(78)90116-1

Cited by 1,397 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Our data agree with what has been reported in mouse (Sommer et al, 1985), rat (Dalsgaard et al, 1982;Ju et al, 1987), guinea-pig (Gibbins et al, 1987), and cat (Hökfelt et al, 1975) in which SP-IR neurons in the DRGs belonged to small and medium sized classes and were more numerous than CCK-IR cells. Our results suggest also that the distribution of SP-IR and CCK-IR fibers in the spinal cord of Tursiops truncatus is similar to that reported for other species, including the rat and monkey (Ljungdahl et al, 1978;Battaglia and Rustioni, 1988). It is worth noting that, similarly to what happens in human (Vega et al, 1994), NF 200kD-antiserum stained virtually all DRG neurons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Immunohistochemical Localization of Substance P And Cholecystokinin in the Dorsal Root Ganglia and Spinal Cord of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Bombardi

Grandis

Nenzi

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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The presence of substance P (SP) and cholecystokinin (CCK) immunoreactive neurons was examined in the bottlenose dolphin dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cord by immunohistochemical techniques. SPpositive and CCK-immunoreactive neurons were respectively $50% and 1% of the total number of ganglion cells examined and especially belonged to small and medium-sized cell populations. Using double labeling techniques we observed that SP-and CCK-immunoreactivity coexisted in a very low number of primary afferent neurons (2.7%). Few SPimmunoreactive (IR) neurons (2.7%) were also CCK-positive. On the contrary, 65% of CCK-immunoreactive neurons contained SP. Interestingly, we observed CCK-immunoreactive satellite glial cells located around large cell class somata. Virtually no SP-IR and CCK-positive neurons were surrounded by peripheral CCK-immunoreactive satellite glial cells. The SP-IR and CCK-positive nerve fibers were particularly conspicuous in the superficial layers of the spinal cord. The present study indicates that SP and CCK only partially overlap in the thoracic, lumbar, and caudal DRGs of the bottlenose dolphin, suggesting that the majority of SP-IR ganglion neurons are lacking in CCK-immunoreactivity. The role of SPcontaining DRG neurons is discussed also in relation to the huge vascular spinal retia mirabilia typical of cetaceans. Anat Rec, 293:477-484, 2010. V V C 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Immunohistochemical Localization of Substance P And Cholecystokinin in the Dorsal Root Ganglia and Spinal Cord of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Bombardi

Grandis

Nenzi

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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“…These structures (termed fibers below) are believed to be mostly nerve terminals according to Ljungdahl et al (10). They appear as distinct dark brown particles and/or strings of beads.…”

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confidence: 99%

Substance P immunoreactivity in the lumbar spinal cord of the turtle Trachemys dorbigni following peripheral nerve injury

Partata

Krepsky

Xavier

et al. 2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Immunoreactive substance P was investigated in turtle lumbar spinal cord after sciatic nerve transection. In control animals immunoreactive fibers were densest in synaptic field Ia, where the longest axons invaded synaptic field III. Positive neuronal bodies were identified in the lateral column of the dorsal horn and substance P immunoreactive varicosities were observed in the ventral horn, in close relationship with presumed motoneurons. Other varicosities appeared in the lateral and anterior funiculi. After axotomy, substance P immunoreactive fibers were reduced slightly on the side of the lesion, which was located in long fibers that invaded synaptic field III and in the varicosities of the lateral and anterior funiculus. The changes were observed at 7 days after axonal injury and persisted at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after the lesion. These findings show that turtles should be considered as a model to study the role of substance P in peripheral axonal injury, since the distribution and temporal changes of substance P were similar to those found in mammals. Key wordsPeripheral nerve injury may result in significant changes in neuropeptide production and the development of neuropathic pain behavior (1). In rats, peripheral nerve sectioning leads to a marked quantitative decrease in the nerve of substance P, a peptide of 11 amino acids that is present in small primary afferents and plays an important role in pain sensation (2,3).The chemical structure of substance P is highly conserved in non-mammalian species, and is also found in turtles, animals considered phylogenetically related to the extinct theropsids from which mammals arose (4). Previous studies demonstrated substance P immunoreactivity in the turtle central nervous system (5,6); however, the effects of peripheral axotomy on substance P distribution have not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of sciatic nerve transection on substance P immunoreactive fibers in the lumbar spinal cord of the turtle Trachemys dorbigni.Under ether-induced anesthesia (7), the right sciatic nerve was exposed and transected approximately 5 mm distal to the sciatic notch. In this nerve transection, a 2-mm segment of the nerve was removed to ensure that the transection was complete. Groups of three turtles of both sexes, weighing 300-400 g, were sacrificed 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days later. On the final day of the experiment, both operated and control turtles were anesthetized (25 mg/kg Thionembutal, intraperitoneally) and perfused through the heart with cold saline solution followed by 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. The lumbar spinal cord was quickly dissected out, immersed in the same fixative for 2 h and then cryoprotected in 15 and 30% sucrose solutions in phosphate buffer at 4ºC. Coronal serial sections (50 µm) were obtained with a cryostat (Leitz) and collected in cold phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The sections were then treated with 3% hydrogen peroxide in 10% methanol for 30 min, washed wit...

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“…The highest SP concentration is found in rat and primate hypothalamic extracts (2)(3)(4)(5). A high density of immunoreactive SP is present in the rat and primate hypothalamus in areas involved in the control of anterior pituitary function (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Interaction between substance P and gastrin-releasing peptide on thyrotropin secretion by rat pituitary in vitro

Moura

Santos

et al. 1999

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The effect of substance P (SP) on thyrotropin (TSH) secretion is controversial. In this study we evaluated the effect of SP on TSH secretion by hemipituitaries of 3-month-old Wistar rats in vitro and its interaction with gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) at equimolar concentrations (1 µM and 10 µM). TSH release was measured under basal conditions and 30 min after incubation in the absence or presence of SP, GRP or both peptides. Pituitary TSH content was also measured in the pituitary homogenate after incubation. SP at both concentrations caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in TSH secretion compared with all other groups, which was approximately 60% (1 µM) and 85% (10 µM) higher than that of the control group (23.3 ± 3.0 ng/ml). GRP at the lower concentration did not produce a statistically significant change in TSH secretion, whereas at the concentration of 10 µM it produced a 50% reduction in TSH. GRP co-incubated with substance P completely blocked the stimulatory effect of SP at both concentrations. Pituitary TSH content decreased in the SP-treated group compared to controls (0.75 ± 0.03 µg/hemipituitary) at the same proportion as the increase in TSH secretion, and this effect was also blocked when GRP and SP were co-incubated. In conclusion, in an in vitro system, SP increased TSH secretion acting directly at the pituitary level and this effect was blocked by GRP, suggesting that GRP is more potent than SP on TSH secretion, and that this inhibitory effect could be the predominant effect in vivo.

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Distribution of substance P-like immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the rat—I. Cell bodies and nerve terminals

Cited by 1,397 publications

References 91 publications

Immunohistochemical Localization of Substance P And Cholecystokinin in the Dorsal Root Ganglia and Spinal Cord of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Immunohistochemical Localization of Substance P And Cholecystokinin in the Dorsal Root Ganglia and Spinal Cord of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Substance P immunoreactivity in the lumbar spinal cord of the turtle Trachemys dorbigni following peripheral nerve injury

Interaction between substance P and gastrin-releasing peptide on thyrotropin secretion by rat pituitary in vitro

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